The optical, photothermal, and facile surface chemical properties of gold and silver nanoparticles in biodiagnostics, therapy, and drug delivery

Austin, Lauren A.; Mackey, Megan A.; Dreaden, Erik C.; El‐Sayed, Mostafa A.

doi:10.1007/s00204-014-1245-3

Cited by 368 publications

(205 citation statements)

References 223 publications

(237 reference statements)

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“…In general, non-covalent methods (electrostatic adsorption or hydrophobic interactions) are reported as simple and effective approaches for drugs bioconjugation, in the presence of functionalized AuNPs. Thanks to the relatively weak affinity of the gold surface and/or the presence of thiol stabilizing layer, several drugs can be adsorbed, with a general retention of the therapeutic activities [62][63][64].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalized gold nanoparticles for topical delivery of methotrexate for the possible treatment of psoriasis

Bessar

Venditti

Benassi

et al. 2016

Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces

113

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a b s t r a c tGold nanoparticles (AuNPs) represent an effective choice for topical drug delivery systems thanks to their small size, general non-toxicity, ease of functionalization and high surface to volume ratio. Even if systemic, methotrexate still plays an important role in psoriasis treatment: its topical use shows insufficient percutaneus penetration owing to limited passive diffusion, high molecular weight and dissociation at physiological pH. The aim of our study was to design a new drug delivery nanocarrier for Methotrexate and to improve its solubility, stability and biodistribution. AuNPs were on purpose prepared with a hydrophilic stabilizing layer, in order to improve the colloidal stability in water. Watersoluble gold nanoparticles functionalized by sodium 3-mercapto-1-propansulfonate (Au-3MPS) were prepared and loaded with methotrexate (MTX). The loading efficiency of MTX on Au-3MPS was assessed in the range 70-80%, with a fast release (80% in one hour). The release was studied up to 24 h reaching the value of 95%. The Au-3MPS@MTX conjugate was fully characterized by spectroscopic techniques (UV-vis, FTIR) and DLS. Preliminary toxicity tests in the presence of keratinocytes monolayers allowed to assess that the used Au-3MPS are not toxic. The conjugate was then topically used on C57BL/6 mouse normal skin in order to trace the absorption behavior. STEM images clearly revealed the distribution of gold nanoparticles inside the cells. In vitro studies showed that Methotrexate conjugated with Au-3MPS is much more efficient than Methotrexate alone. Moreover, DL50, based on MTT analysis, is 20 folds reduced at 48 h, by the presence of nanoparticles conjugation. UV-vis spectra for in vivo tracing of the conjugate on bare mouse skin after 24 h of application, show increased delivery of Methotrexate in the epidermis and dermis using Au-3MPS@MTX conjugate, compared to MTX alone. Moreover we observed absence of the Au-3MPS in the dermis and in the epidermis, suggesting that these layers of the skin do not retain the nanoparticles. Based on our data, we found that the novel Au-3MPS@MTX conjugate is an effective non-toxic carrier for the satisfactory percutaneous absorption of Methotrexate and could help in possible topical treatment of psoriasis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalized gold nanoparticles for topical delivery of methotrexate for the possible treatment of psoriasis

Bessar

Venditti

Benassi

et al. 2016

Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces

113

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“…A great selection of reviews exist which go into further detail than is presented here for other related areas within SERS. These reviews include general overviews [267][268][269][270][271], and reviews specific to cell studies [272][273][274][275], medical applications [24,25,276,277], and toxicology [278,279].…”

Section: Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering (Sers)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman spectroscopy: techniques and applications in the life sciences

Shipp¹,

Sinjab²,

Notingher³

2017

Adv. Opt. Photon.

255

189

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Raman spectroscopy is an increasingly popular technique in many areas including biology and medicine.It is based on Raman scattering, a phenomenon in which incident photons lose or gain energy via interactions with vibrating molecules in a sample. These energy shifts can be used to obtain information regarding molecular composition of the sample with very high accuracy. Applications of Raman spectroscopy in the life sciences have included quantification of biomolecules, hyperspectral molecular imaging of cells and tissue, medical diagnosis, and others. This review briefly presents the physical origin of Raman scattering explaining the key classical and quantum mechanical concepts. Variations of the Raman effect will also be considered, including resonance, coherent, and enhanced Raman scattering. We discuss the molecular origins of prominent bands often found in the Raman spectra of biological samples. Finally, we examine several variations of Raman spectroscopy techniques in practice, looking at their applications, strengths, and challenges. This review is intended to be a starting resource for scientists new to Raman spectroscopy, providing theoretical background and practical examples as the foundation for further study and exploration.

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“…Au NPs are of great interest for the nanotechnologies, biomedicine, biotechnologies, the catalysis reactions. In particular, Au NPs have been used for creation sensors based on surface plasmon resonance [2], the reduction of carbon dioxide [3], various electronic applications [4], the synthesis of nanoporous membranes [5] and the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth of semiconductor nanowires [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%