ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF BROWN ALGAE <i>SARGASSUM SPECIES</i> EXTRACTS FROM THE COASTLINE OF JAVA ISLAND

Abstract

The coastlines with rocky shores at Java Island Indonesia, Gunung Kidul (Yogyakarta) and Jepara (Central Java), have abundant resources of brown algae Sargassum sp. Little effort, however, has been made to explore the antioxidant potential of the algae harvested from these area. Tropical brown algae have proven to produce a very effective antioxidant defence system due to the strong UV radiation in the tropical environment. The Total Phenolic Content (TPC) of the extracts were evaluated by using Follin Ciocalteau reagent, while antioxidant activities were evaluated by using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrzyl Radical Scavenging Activity (DPPH-RSA) and Ferrous Ion-Chelating (FIC) ability. The effects of treatments on TPC and antioxidant activities were analysed using analysis of variance models. There were four treatments and three replicates. These treatments were extract types (cytoplasmic and membrane bound), harvest sites (Gunung Kidul and Jepara), harvest seasons (dry and rainy) and various Sargassum species. The TPC of extracts varied from 0.006-0.65 and 6.72-21.99 g phloroglucinol equivalent/100 g dried extract for cytoplasmic and membrane bound extract, respectively. The DPPH-RSA in extracts concentration of 0.45 mg mL −1 were in the range of 14.61-48.71 % for membrane bound and 0.17-44.05 % for cytoplasmic extracts. The FIC in extract concentration of 3.3 mg mL -1 were in the range of 2.0512.51 and 26.77-68.80 % for cytoplasmic and membrane bound extract, respectively. Nevertheless, these extracts had lower activity when compared with BHT and EDTA as positive control of RSA-DPPH and FIC, respectively. The antioxidant activities of Sargassum were influenced by types of extracts, harvest sites, seasons and species. The antioxidant activity of membrane bound was higher than cytoplasmic extract. The increasing of DPPH-RSA and FIC were proportional to TPC. The highest antioxidant activity was found at S. hystrix from Gunung Kidul area harvested during dry season.

Antioxidant, Antiproliferative, and Antiangiogenesis Effects of Polyphenol-Rich Seaweed (Sargassum muticum)

“…The genus Sargassum is tropical and subtropical brown seaweed comprising 150 species. The phenolic compounds were one of the most effective antioxidant in brown algae and its content 20–30% algae dry weight [28, 29]. Based on absorption profile, the retention time and spiking tests on the SMME, catechin, phlorotannins, and quercetin were among the phenolic compounds in SMME.…”

Protective effect of fucoxanthin isolated from Ishige okamurae against high-glucose induced oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and zebrafish model

“…The main components of brown algae include polyphenols, pigments, polysaccharides, minerals and amino acids (Kang et al, 2012a(Kang et al, , 2012b. In previous studies, pigments of brown algae have been reported to exhibit various biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammation and anti-tumor effect (Budhiyanti, Raharjo, Marseno, & Lelana, 2012). The extract of Ishige okamurae has shown various biological activities in vitro and in vivo such as antioxidant, anti-diabetes and neuro-protective effect (Heo et al, 2012;Min, Kim, Jeon, & Han, 2011).…”

Antioxidant Activity and Proximate Analysis of Dry Powder from Brown Seaweed Sargassum hystrix

“…It caused by the compounds of dry powder S. hystrix more complete, it contains primary and secondary metabolites which have the function to reduce free radicals. But, at a different concentration of the same species, % RSA of S. hystrix dry powder still lower than the membranebound extract of S. hystrix in Budhiyanti et al (2012) research, with the value 48.71% at concentration 0.45 mg/ml.…”

“…However, Suresh et al (2013) mentioned that brown algae with the IC 50 value of 1000 ppm were potential to be used as in vitro anticancer. High and low IC 50 values are influenced by several factors, such as the solvents used, the amount of dissolved bioactive components (Molyneux, 2004), harvest seasons, harvest sites, and species (Budhiyanti et al, 2012).…”