Abstract:Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyethylene glycol-polylactic acid (PEG-PLA) have an organic structure and no negative effect on human health. The present study compares the antimicrobial effectiveness of PEG and PEG-PLA on microbial growth. The following pathogens and fungi were examined: seven bacteria strains and 10 fungi (four yeasts and six molds). PEG, a non-modified polymer, exhibited no inhibition effect on all test microorganisms. However, the antimicrobial effect increased with the concentration of PE… Show more
“…(ii) Poly-L-lactic acid/polyethylene glycol itself has shown antimicrobial and antibacterial activities on different microbes such as bacteria. 54 , 55 Figure 6 In vitro anti-tubercular studies for determination of MIC value. …”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…(ii) Poly-L-lactic acid/polyethylene glycol itself has shown antimicrobial and antibacterial activities on different microbes such as bacteria. 54,55…”
Section: In Vitro Anti-tubercular Studiesmentioning
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death amongst infectious diseases. The poor response to antitubercular agents necessitates the long-term use of high drug doses, resulting in low patient compliance, which is the main reason for chemotherapy failure and contributes to the development of multidrug-resistant TB. Patient non-compliance has been a major obstacle in the successful management of TB. The aim of this work was to develop and characterise rifapentine (RPT)-loaded PLGA-based nanoparticles (NPs) for reducing dosing frequency. Methods: RPT-loaded PLGA and PLGA-PEG NPs were prepared using premix membrane homogenisation combined with solvent evaporation method. The resulting NPs were characterised in terms of physicochemical characteristics, toxicity, cellular uptake and antitubercular activity. NPs were further evaluated for pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies in mice. Results: The resulting NPs showed suitable and safe physicochemical characteristics and could be taken up by macrophages. RPT-loaded NPs were more effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis than free RPT. In vivo studies revealed that NPs could improve pharmacokinetic parameters, particularly for RPT/PLGA-PEG NPs. Moreover, both formulations had no toxicity to the organs of mice and could reduce hepatotoxicity. Conclusion: The application of PLGA-based NPs as sustained-release delivery vehicles for RPT could prolong drug release, modify pharmacokinetics, increase antitubercular activity and diminish toxicity, thereby allowing low dosage and frequency.
“…(ii) Poly-L-lactic acid/polyethylene glycol itself has shown antimicrobial and antibacterial activities on different microbes such as bacteria. 54 , 55 Figure 6 In vitro anti-tubercular studies for determination of MIC value. …”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…(ii) Poly-L-lactic acid/polyethylene glycol itself has shown antimicrobial and antibacterial activities on different microbes such as bacteria. 54,55…”
Section: In Vitro Anti-tubercular Studiesmentioning
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death amongst infectious diseases. The poor response to antitubercular agents necessitates the long-term use of high drug doses, resulting in low patient compliance, which is the main reason for chemotherapy failure and contributes to the development of multidrug-resistant TB. Patient non-compliance has been a major obstacle in the successful management of TB. The aim of this work was to develop and characterise rifapentine (RPT)-loaded PLGA-based nanoparticles (NPs) for reducing dosing frequency. Methods: RPT-loaded PLGA and PLGA-PEG NPs were prepared using premix membrane homogenisation combined with solvent evaporation method. The resulting NPs were characterised in terms of physicochemical characteristics, toxicity, cellular uptake and antitubercular activity. NPs were further evaluated for pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies in mice. Results: The resulting NPs showed suitable and safe physicochemical characteristics and could be taken up by macrophages. RPT-loaded NPs were more effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis than free RPT. In vivo studies revealed that NPs could improve pharmacokinetic parameters, particularly for RPT/PLGA-PEG NPs. Moreover, both formulations had no toxicity to the organs of mice and could reduce hepatotoxicity. Conclusion: The application of PLGA-based NPs as sustained-release delivery vehicles for RPT could prolong drug release, modify pharmacokinetics, increase antitubercular activity and diminish toxicity, thereby allowing low dosage and frequency.
“…Antimicrobial tests were examined applying diffusion agar technique, pathological bacteria, 1x10 6 CFU/ml yeast and 1x10 4 spore/ml fungi distribute on nutrient agar (NA), and Sab. dextrose agar (SDA), successively . After the has been solidified, 6 mm (in diameter) of wells were made in the solidified agar and loaded with 100 μl of examined specimen solution provided by dissolving the tested component, 20 mg in dimethylsulfoxide.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…dextrose agar (SDA), successively. [18] After the has been solidified, 6 mm (in diameter) of wells were made in the solidified agar and loaded with 100 μl of examined specimen solution provided by dissolving the tested component, 20 mg in dimethylsulfoxide. Then, the inoculated dishes were incubated for 48 hr at 28 ο C for fungi and 24 hr at 37 ο C for bacteria.…”
A novel oxazon‐Schiff's base ligand named (E)‐3‐(2‐(4‐(diethylamino)‐2‐hydroxybenzylidene)hydrazineyl)‐2H‐benzo[b][1,4]oxazin‐2‐one (HL) has been synthesized in addition to its nano‐sized divalent and tetravalent Mn (II), Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II), Zn (II) and Pt (IV) complexes. The structures and geometries of the synthesized compounds have been confirmed using the different analytical and spectroscopic tools such as elemental analysis, uv–vis., IR, HR‐MS, 1H NMR, ESR, TGA, XRD, EDX, TEM, SEM, AFM, magnetic and molar conductivity measurements. The elemental analyses confirm 1 M: 2 L stoichiometry of the type [PtL2].2Cl and [ML2] (M = Mn (II), Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II) and Zn (II)). The FT‐IR spectral studies illustrated that the ligand bind to the metal ions through the phenolic hydroxy oxygen, azo methine nitrogen carbonyl oxazin oxygen. The spectral tools; UV–Vis, ligand field parameters and ESR in addition to the magnetic moment measurements confirmed octahedral geometry around the metal centres. The absence of coordinated or hydrated water complexes were confirmed by thermal analysis data of the complexes. The electron transfer reactions for the complexes have been studied by cyclic voltammetry. XRD, SEM, TEM, and AFM images confirmed nano‐sized particles and homogeneous distribution over the complex surface. The mode of binding of the complexes with DNA has been performed through electronic absorption titration and viscosity studies. The reaction between the metal complexes and DNA were studied by DNA cleavage. In general, MCF‐7 cell were least sensitive to the tested compounds and all compounds were considerably more toxic to the studied cancer cell lines than to the normal cell line HepG‐2. The binding mode of the compounds and DNA was preferably via intercalation. In addition, these results were confirmed based on theoretical studies. Finally, a linear and exponential correlation between interaction constant (Kb) and IC50 for two human cancer cell was observed.
“…The incorporation of the copolymer increases considerably the ductility of PLA; furthermore, the in vitro cytotoxicity was also studied concluding that the copolymers were nontoxic. Further studies have concluded that LA‐EG copolymers show significant antimicrobial properties …”
In order to make poly(lactide) (PLA) suitable for food packaging applications, its toughness must be improved. In this work, the plasticization effectiveness of a low-molecular-weight plasticizer and a triblock copolymer are analyzed. For this purpose, PLA is blended with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(lactide-ethylene glycol-lactide) (LA-EG-LA) triblock copolymer. The obtained results show that copolymers are more effective, reducing the glass transition temperature of PLA. Although PLA/PEG blends have been widely studied in the literature, the barrier character has not been analyzed, which is of paramount importance for packaging applications. Therefore, the permeability to carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water vapor of PLA/PEG blends has been characterized observing an increase with the incorporation of PEG, which is the expected behavior. However, the incorporation of LA-EG-LA copolymers leads to permeability values that are slightly higher, similar, or even lower than PLA. Furthermore, the free volume of the samples has been analyzed in order to gain a deeper insight on the factors affecting the transport properties. Overall, this works aims to provide a better understanding towards the design of biodegradable packaging with improved properties that could be also extended to other biodegradable polymers.PLA blends containing PEG have been widely analyzed in the literature. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Younes and Cohn 9 studied PLA blends containing PEG of different molecular weights (1500-35 000 g/mol range) at different composition observing a microphase separation. Hu et al. observed that PLA containing more than 15% PEG were not stable over time and phase separation occurs forming PLA rich and PEG rich domains. [10][11][12] The phase separation of PLA and PEG has been Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article.
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