Antibacterial activity of leaves, flowers, and fruits extract of Etlingera elatior from Nagan Raya District, Indonesia against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Abstract. Ernilasari, Walil K, Fitmawati, Roslim DI, Zumaidar, Saudah, Rayhannisa. 2021. Antibacterial activity of leaves, flowers, and fruits extract of Etlingera elatior from Nagan Raya District, Indonesia against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Biodiversitas 22: 4457-4464. Etlingera elatior is a medicinal plant that has been used by people in Indonesia, especially Acehnese people. Based on its secondary metabolites, E. elatior can be used as antibacterial agents against Gram-positive and Gram-negative. However, to determine the antibacterial activity of E. elatior, the parts of E. elatior that have been used are leaves, flowers, and fruits. This study was aimed to determine the best concentration of ethanol extract of leaves, flowers, and fruits of E. elatior as an inhibitor against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The extract was made by the maceration method with 70% ethanol as a solvent. Antibacterial activity test was carried out by the diffusion agar method using concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%. The results showed that the fruit extract of E. elatior has antibacterial activity with an effective inhibitory zone at a concentration of 2% is 8.4 mm (E. coli) and 2.4 mm (S. aureus). Meanwhile, antibacterial activity the extract of leaves and flowers against E. elatior cannot determine yet. Identification of leaves, flowers and fruits extract of E. elatior using GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy) showed 56 compounds were detected.

Phytochemical Profile and Antibacterial Activity Test of Medicine Plants in Southeast Sulawesi Against Salmonella Typhi YCTC as An Alternative Addition to Substitution Ingredients for Halal Products

“…There have been several previous studies on the topics discussed, including ( Zega et al, 2021), (Megawati, 2020), (Ernilasari et al, 2021), (Widowati et al, 2021), and (Dubale et al, 2023). Broadly speaking, previous research contains similarities and differences with this research.…”

The beneficial effect of the ethanolic extract Etlingera elatior fruit on IL-1ß and caspase-3 levels in sepsis model mice

“…The inflammatory process is believed to be inhibited through the suppression of cyclooxygenase-2 expression and the inhibition of transcriptional activation (NF-kB) and caspase-1 (Ernilasari et al, 2021;Hu et al, 2022). In addition, the alkaloids, phenolics, and flavonoids of kecombrang fruit extract can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria at a concentration of 2% through cell wall destruction (Ernilasari et al, 2021;Ghasemzadeh et al, 2015). Based on the results of the study, the potential of EE to inhibit bacterial growth is shown.…”

Ethanolic extract of Etlingera elatior flower exhibits anthelmintic properties to Fasciola gigantica in vitro

“…These include tannins, flavonoids, alcohols, aldehydes, and terpenes ( Chan et al , 2011 ). Because of its rich content, E. elatior is reportedly effective as an insecticide ( Tarigan et al , 2014 ), anticancer ( Ghasemzadeh et al , 2015 ), and antibacterial ( Ernilasari et al , 2021 ). However, its anti-trematode effect against F. gigantica has not been studied.…”