Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol, Crude and Water Extract of Chromolaena OdorataLeaves on S Typhi and E Coli

Abstract

Antimicrobials from plant have enormous therapeutic potentials which have been established a long time ago. The leaves of Chromolaena odarata (commonly called Siam weed), which is an ancient remedy for the treatment of wounds and many ailments was tested for its antimicrobial activities on S. Typhi and Escherichia coli. The agar pour plate method was used to test for its antimicrobial activity on the test isolate, the extracts of Chromolaena odorata was introduced directly into the wells of the two tested organism. Laboratory study shows that Chromolaena odorata has antimicrobial action against these organisms. However, result after a 72hr incubation showed that ethanol extract had the highest zone of inhibition for S. Typhi (37.7mm) and water extract on E coli (32.3mm) and also mean value of leaf extracts of Chromolaena odarata were found to exhibit a significant antibacterial activity against S. Typhi as compared to E. coli, revealing that the extract of Chromolaena odarata is more effective on S. Typhi than E. coli. This research work establishes a good support to the use of these plants in herbal Remedies and as base for development of new drugs against typhoid fever and E. coli related diseases.This study however concludes that further investigation on the use of this plant should be carried out to test against pathogens of worldwide burden as well as the relative side effects and mechanism of action. RECOMMENDATIONThe present investigations on Medicinal plant C. odorata is considered as a clinically effective antimicrobial agent against S. Typhi and E. coli. Hence it is recommended as an alternative to synthetic antibiotics for the control of typhoid fever and diseases of E. coli origin such as diarrhoea, urinary tract infection (UTI) etc. The screenings of this medicinal plant reveals it as a source of antimicrobial agents.

Physico-Chemical and Bacteriological Quality of Water from Boreholes in Otuoke Community, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

“…Table 2 shows the presence of these bacteria cells (Salmonella spp, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes and Klebsiella pneumoniae) the presence of this pathogens suggests faecal contamination and this agrees with findings of Zige and collaborators [21]. The presence of these bacteria maybe as a result of leakages of pipes thus allowing seepages of microbial contaminants into the borehole.…”

A comprehensive review on antimicrobial face masks: an emerging weapon in fighting pandemics

“…Unlike chemical polymeric or nano-based materials, the natural compounds do not produce toxic effects. Extracts of Vitex trifolia, 173,174 Punica granatum, [175][176][177] Allium sativum, [178][179][180] Acacia nilotica, 181 Andrographis paniculata, 182,183 Sphaeranthus indicus, 184 Strobilanthes cusia, 185,186 Chromolaena odorata, 187 Aloe barbadensis, [188][189][190] and Azadirachta indica 113,191 have antimicrobial properties. Also, the combination of eugenol, eugenol acetate, carvacrol, thymol, and vanillin, 115 Melaleuca alternifolia, 116 ginkgo leaf extract, 117 and ginkgo extract in combination with sumac (Anacardiaceae family) 118 have been studied for their antiviral properties.…”

Antimalarial actions of Lawsonia inermis, Tithonia diversifolia and Chromolaena odorata in combination

“…It is used as an antimalarial medicinal plant (Nisit et al, 2005;Ukpai and Amaechi, 2012). Other biological properties of C. odorata include activities against typhoid fever, cataract, diabetes and bacterial infection (Onkaramurthy et al, 2013;Vital and Rivera, 2009;Zige et al, 2013).…”