Antimalarial actions of Lawsonia inermis, Tithonia diversifolia and Chromolaena odorata in combination

Afolayan, Funmilayo I. D.; Adegbolagun, Olayemi Modupe; Irungu, Beatrice; Kangethe, Lucy N; Orwa, James; Anumudu, Chiaka I.

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.045

Cited by 29 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…Although the preferred traditional solvent of extraction of most medicinal plants through decoction is water, this study however revealed that the aqueous extracts of L.inermis and T.diversifolia had lower antimalarial effects when compared to organic extracts. This trend was observed in previous studies reported by Clarkson et al (2004); Afolayan et al (2016). The high activity of DCM-MeOH extracts can be attributed to the presence of both polar and nonpolar bioactive compounds in the extracts.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The phytochemicals extracted from a medicinal plant is strongly dependent on the nature of the extracting solvent and the method because of the presence of different chemical compounds of varied chemical characteristics and polarities that may or may not be soluble in a particular solvent (Sultana et al, 2009;and Jakopic et al, 2009). Previous studies showed that the dichloromethane:methanol (1:1) extracts of L. inermis, Chromolaena odorata, T. diversifolia singly and in combination were active against Plasmodium parasite than the aqueous extracts (Afolayan et al, 2014;and Afolayan et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative in vivo antiplasmodial activities of different extracts of Lawsonia inermis, Tithonia diversifolia and Nauclea latifolia against Plasmodium berghei

Deborah¹,

Aanuoluwapo²,

Ebunoluwa³

2020

afjbs

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Traditional herbal medicines are potentially rich sources of new drugs against malaria and other infectious diseases. However, phytochemicals extracted from a medicinal plant is strongly dependent on the nature of the extracting solvent. This study therefore aimed to investigate the antimalarial activity of three plants traditionally used to treat malaria using solvents of different polarities as solvents of extraction. The leaves of Lawsonia inermis, Tithonia diversifolia, and stem barks of Nauclea latifolia were extracted with water, n-hexane, ethanol and dichloromethane: methanol (1:1). The extracts were thereafter investigated for their antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium berghei in infected mice using Peter's 4-days suppressive test. In N. latifolia stem bark, the aqueous extract showed the highest percentage chemosuppression (79.04%) followed by the dichloromethane: methanol (1:1), ethanolic and hexane extracts with percentage chemosuppressions of 74.66%, 61.47% and 8.81% respectively. The dichloromethane: methanol (1:1) extract of T. diversifolia leaves exhibited moderate antiplasmodial activity with percentage chemosuppression of 43.90% while its other extracts showed weak activity. Only dichloromethane: methanol (1:1) extract of L. inermis showed good antiplasmodial activity with percentage chemosuppression of 61.57% while the other extracts had between weak to inactivity. The antimalarial activity exhibited by these plants, most especially N. latifolia and L. inermis, against P. berghei suggests that these plants have active principles against malarial as claimed by the folklore, and further work is necessary to isolate, identify and characterize the active components of the plants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative in vivo antiplasmodial activities of different extracts of Lawsonia inermis, Tithonia diversifolia and Nauclea latifolia against Plasmodium berghei

Deborah¹,

Aanuoluwapo²,

Ebunoluwa³

2020

afjbs

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“…Tithonia diversifolia is exploited as a source of medicine in its native and most parts of its invasive regions to treat one or more ailment. The weed is used in Venezuela to treat abscesses [ 12 ]; in Mexico for malaria, hematomas and muscular pain [ 13 ]; in India for wounds and skin infections [ 14 , 15 ]; in Taiwan for diabetes [ 16 ]; in Kenya for malaria and as an antidote for snake bite and to treat ectoparasites in cattle and to improve appetite [ 17 ]; in Uganda for microbial infection in sexual organs [ 18 ]; and in Nigeria for malaria [ 19 ]. The species is also used for poultry feed, as pesticides, compost for soil improvement and for bioremediation in Nigeria, Malawi, Kenya, Uganda and Zimbabwe [ 20 – 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive study of the potential phytomedicinal use and toxicity of invasive Tithonia species in South Africa

Omokhua

Abdalla

Staden

et al. 2018

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundTithonia diversifolia and T. rotundifolia belong to the Asteraceae family and are native to Mexico and Central America. These plants have become invasive in parts of tropical Africa and Asia where they have become an ecological, agricultural and economic burden. Tithonia diversifolia is exploited by locals in its native and most parts of its invasive range as a source of medicines; however, T. rotundifolia is only used for medicinal purposes in one country in the native range (Venezuela) and none in the invasive range. Although T. diversifolia has been studied for different biological activities, little or no attention has been given to T. rotundifolia. This study compared the antimicrobial activity, phytochemistry, identification of bioactive compound(s) and toxicity levels of different leaf extracts and fractions of T. diversifolia and T. rotundifolia.MethodsAntimicrobial activity was evaluated against seven pathogenic bacteria, four non-pathogenic Mycobacterium species and three fungal species using serial microdilution assays. Phytochemical contents were determined through standard methods of analysis. UPLC/MS was used to analyse the fractions to identify possible bioactive compounds that may be responsible for bioactivity, while toxicity tests were carried out using the colorimetric MTT assay and the Ames test.ResultsBoth species had a range of antimicrobial activity against bacterial, mycobacterial and fungal species. However, T. rotundifolia displayed better activity against most of the strains tested with minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging between 0.01 and 0.07 mg/ml. Both species were rich in phenolics, flavonoids and tannins. Tagitinin A was identified as the main compound present in both species, and this compound may be responsible for the antimicrobial activity displayed. Toxicity tests showed that T. diversifolia was cytotoxic at concentrations used in this study, while T. rotundifolia was not. Both species did not show any mutagenic/genotoxic effects.ConclusionThe above results suggest that both species may be further developed as a source of antimicrobials for the treatment of infections caused by opportunistic pathogens. They may also serve as alternatives to highly exploited plant species with the same medicinal properties. However, T. diversifolia should be used with caution as it may be toxic.

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“…26 e in vitro and in vivo antiplasmodial potency of medicinal plants has been appraised against P. falciparum, P. berghei, and P. yoelii. Some of the plants with exceptional antiplasmodial activities are P. guajava [31], N. latifolia [32], C. citratus [33,34], U. chamae [35], E. chlorantha [36,37], O. gratissimum [38], A. leiocarpus [39], P. amarus [40], A. indica [41,42], C. odorata [43,44], M. lucida [45,46], V. amygladina [47], A. boonei 44,48], A. senegalensis [48], A. occidentale [49,50], B. ferruginea [51], G. arboretum [48], M. oleifera [39], and S. jollyanum [44].…”

Section: Forms Of Herbal Drugs' Preparations For Malaria Erapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Products as Sources of Antimalarial Drugs: Ethnobotanical and Ethnopharmacological Studies

et al. 2020

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Ethnopharmacological Relevance. Malaria is one of the lethal diseases of man, contributing to about 17 million deaths annually, leading to sociocultural, economic, and health influences. Aim of the Study. The study explores the ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological appraisal of antimalarial plants used by people of Omu Aran, Ogbomoso, Ado Ekiti, and Sagamu communities in Nigeria. Materials and Methods. For this study, relevant information was procured from the inhabitants via a structured questionnaire to procure the general knowledge of antimalarial medicinal plants. Results and Discussion. A total of 90 interviewees (44 men and 46 women) were involved in this survey. A total of 59 medicinal species were identified, which were dispersed in 33 families (Asteraceae (6), Apocynaceae (5), Anacardiaceae, Annonaceae, Fabaceae, Malvaceae, Meliaceae, Poaceae, and Rubiaceae (3 each), Phyllanthaceae (2)) totaling 49% of the cited species. The most cited plants are Azadirachta indica (42), Mangifera indica (38), Carica papaya (28), Cymbopogon citratus (27), Cassia fistula (15), Morinda lucida (14), Anacardium occidentale and Vernonia amygdalina (13 each), Helianthus annuus (11), Enantia chlorantha (10), and Moringa oleifera (9) A total of 105 citations were recorded for the plant parts used (leaf (46), bark (17), fruits (9), root (9), latex (11), stem (11), and inflorescence (2)) while decoction (59%), maceration (25%), infusion (9%), and exudation (7%) were the methods of preparation. Use Values (UVs) of 0.47 to 0.11 were recorded for the frequently used antimalarial plants. The Efficiency Levels (ELs) of 11 different medicinal plants stated by the respondents were Azadirachta indica, Cassia fistula and Morinda lucida (12), Chromolaena odorata (10), Mangifera indica, Enantia chlorantha and Helianthus annuus (8), Cymbopogon citratus (7), Gossypium arboretum (4), Landolphia dulcis (3), and Aloe vera (2) Cocos nucifera, Curcuma longa, Forkia biglobosa, and Musa acuminate are mentioned for the first time in the study area with little or no reported antiplasmodial activities. Conclusion. The study appraised the commonly used antimalarial plants in the study areas. Therefore, commitment to scientifically explore the bioactive compounds, antimalarial potential and toxicological profile of these plants is inevitable as they could lead to novel natural products for effective malaria therapy.

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Antimalarial actions of Lawsonia inermis, Tithonia diversifolia and Chromolaena odorata in combination

Cited by 29 publications

References 30 publications

Comparative in vivo antiplasmodial activities of different extracts of Lawsonia inermis, Tithonia diversifolia and Nauclea latifolia against Plasmodium berghei

Comparative in vivo antiplasmodial activities of different extracts of Lawsonia inermis, Tithonia diversifolia and Nauclea latifolia against Plasmodium berghei

A comprehensive study of the potential phytomedicinal use and toxicity of invasive Tithonia species in South Africa

Natural Products as Sources of Antimalarial Drugs: Ethnobotanical and Ethnopharmacological Studies

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