Acetoxy-6-(1-benzoyloxy-2-acetoxyethyl)-pyr-3-en-2-one (cleistenolide) and (-)-2,6-diacetoxy-5-hydroxy-cyclohex-3enylidenemethyl benzoate (cleistodienol) were isolated as novel antimicrobial and cytotoxic constituents of Cleistochlamys kirkii (Annonaceae), together with (Z)-(+)-5-(2,3-dihydroxy-propylidene)-5H-furan-2-one and its acetyl and benzoyl derivatives, (-)-1,6-desoxy-β-senepoxide, pinocembrin and polycarpol. Structural determination was achieved based on spectroscopic and other physical data. The structure of cleistenolide was confirmed by single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis.
Indigenous rural communities in the tropics manage parasitic diseases, like malaria and leishmaniasis, using herbal drugs. The efficacy, dosage, safety and active principles of most of the herbal preparations are not known. Extracts from 6 selected plant species, used as medicinal plants by indigenous local communities in Kenya, were screened for in vitro anti-plasmodial and anti-leishmanial activity, against 2 laboratory-adapted Plasmodium falciparum isolates (D6, CQ-
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