Anti-inflammatory activity of Adenanthera pavonina L., Fabaceae, in experimental animals

Abstract

RESUMO: "Atividade anti-inflamatória de Adenanthera pavonina L., Fabaceae, em animais experimentais". Adenanthera pavonina L, Fabaceae, conhecida na região de Bengala por "rakta kombol", é uma planta medicinal endêmica do sul da China e da Índia e amplamente difundida na Malásia, África Ocidental e Oriental, bem como na maioria das ilhas de ambas as regiões do Pacífico e Caribe. Esta planta tem sido utilizada na medicina tradicional para o tratamento da asma, febre, diarréia, gota, inflamações, reumatismo tumor, úlceras, e como tônico. Cascas secas e moídas de A. pavonina foi submetida a extração sucessiva com éter de petróleo (PE), diclorometano (DCM), acetato de etila (AcOEt) e metanol (MeOH), e os extratos foram avaliados in vivo para atividade anti-inflamatória induzida por carragenina tendo como ensaio modelo de inflamação edema de pata em ratos.. Os extratos foram administrados por via oral em doses de 200 e 400 mg/kg de peso corporal, e foram observadas efeitos anti-inflamatórios de maneira dose-dependente, estatisticamente significativos (p<0,001). O extrato metanólico (400 mg/kg) apresentou 37,10% (p<0,01) de inibição da inflamação na primeira hora do estudo e, o extrato DCM (400 mg/kg) apresentou 33,11% (p<0,001) na inibição da inflamação na terceira hora do estudo, que foi comparável ao resultado da substância de referência diclofenato de sódio. Os resultados deste estudo confirmaram alguns dos usos tradicionais desta planta medicinal.Unitermos: Adenanthera pavonina, Fabaceae alt. Leguminosae, atividade anti-inflamatória, edema em ratos induzido por carragenanas.ABSTRACT: Adenanthera pavonina L, Fabaceae alt. Leguminosae, Bengali name 'rakta kombol', is an Indian medicinal plant. It is endemic to Southern China and India, and widely naturalized in Malaysia, Western and Eastern Africa as well as in most islands of both the Pacific and Caribbean regions. This plant has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of asthma, boil, diarrhoea, gout, inflammations, rheumatism, tumour and ulcers, and as a tonic. The dried and ground bark of A. pavonina L. was extracted, successively, with petroleum ether (PE), dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and methanol (MeOH), and the resulting extracts were assessed in vivo for anti-inflammatory activity on carrageenaninduced rat hind paw oedema as a model of inflammation. The extracts were administered orally at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, and statistically significant (p<0.001) anti-inflammatory effects were observed in a dose dependant manner. The MeOH extract (400 mg/kg) showed 37.10% (p<0.01) inhibition of inflammation at the first hour of the study and, the DCM extract (400 mg/kg) exhibited 33.11% (p<0.001) inhibition of inflammation at the third hour of the study which was comparable with that of reference standard drug dichlofenac sodium. The results of this study supported some of the traditional medicinal uses of this plant.

Advances in the research of Adenanthera pavonina: From traditional use to intellectual property

“…Inhibition of inflammation between different fractions showed that the methanolic extract (400 mg/kg) reduced 37.1% of paw edema at the first hour, while the dichloromethane fraction showed, in the same dose, 33.11% of inhibition after three hours of the study when compared to diclofenac sodium. This study confirms the traditional use of extracts of the bark of A. pavonina to the treatment of some inflammatory processes (Ara et al, 2010b). Zeid et al (2012) also evaluated the acute antiinflammatory activity of the extracts of A. pavonina leaves prepared with different solvents in carrageenan-induced rat hind paw edema model.…”

“…Based on the traditional knowledge of the use of parts of this plant, several pharmacological effects of derivatives have been demonstrated, such as antinociceptive activity of leaf ethanol extract (Moniruzzaman et al, 2015), cytoprotective and antiinflammatory activity of seed extract (Koodalingam et al, 2015); antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of the aqueous extract of seeds (Pandhare et al, 2012a); antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of bark extracts (Ara et al, 2010b); antifungal activity relates to antimicrobial peptides present in seeds (Soares et al, 2012), among others. Several studies on this species have helped to understand the toxicity and supported its traditional use.…”

Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq., Rubiaceae, extract shows hypoglycemic effect and eases oxidative stress in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

“…While previous bioactivity studies on this plant revealed its analgesic, anti-infl ammatory, antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, antimalarial, antihepatotoxic activities, and antidiarrheal and wound-healing properties (Umachigi et al, 2007;Alam et al, 2008a,b), the phytochemical investigations resulted in the isolation of indole alkaloids, secoiridoids, triterpenes and saponins from this plant (Banerji, 1977;1978;Brown & Chapple, 1976;Kitagawa et al, 1996;Sahu et al, 1999;. In continuation of our phytochemical and pharmacological screening of Bangladeshi medicinal plants (Uddin et al, 2005(Uddin et al, , 2007aDatta et al, 2007;Nayeem et al, 2006;Saha et al, 2007;Alam et al, 2008a,b;Mazid et al, 2009;Ara et al, 2010;Miah et al, 2010), we report on the hypoglycemic and oxidative stress-reducing activities of the hydroethanolic extract of the flowering tops of A. cadamba in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.…”

Phytoconstituents of Adenanthera pavonina Linn from the bark extracts

“…The bark and leaves are used as a remedy for diarrhea, gout, hematuria, hematemesis, and chronic rheumatism [1][2][3][4][5]. The anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-diarrheal, acute toxicity, antibacterial, antifungal, and blood pressure-reducing activities of the bark, leaf, and seed extracts and its isolated compounds have been reported [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Previous phytochemical investigation reported the presence of many bioactive compounds like robinetin, chalcone, butin and flavanol ampelopsin, stigmasterol glucosides, oleanolic acid, echinocystic acid, and sapogenins from the leaves and seeds of the plant [6,[14][15][16][17][18][19].…”