Anti–hepatits B core antigen testing, viral markers, and occult hepatitis B virus infection in Pakistani blood donors: implications for transfusion practice

Bhatti, Farhat Abbas; Ullah, Zia; Salamat, Nuzhat; Ayub, Muhammad; Ghani, Ejaz

doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2007.01066.x

Cited by 88 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…In Pakistan it is 17.3%. 10 In Spain, it is 4.8% among >65 years of donors. In literature, it is found that the isolated prevalence of anti-HBc is supposed to be 4-50% depending on sensitivity of reagent, age of donor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of anti-HBc antibody (IgG and IgM) among HBsAg negative apparently healthy blood donors

Shil¹,

Biswas²,

Khatun³

et al. 2016

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal

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<p>In person who is unable to produce HBsAg, anti-HBc antibody is a helpful marker of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. In the present study, we have tried to find out the incidence of anti-HBc (IgG and IgM) among blood donors HBsAg negative. People came for donating blood voluntarily or for their relatives (n = 1000) was selected on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Purposefully selected and collated samples were first tested by HBsAg ELISA of third generation reagent. HBsAg negative sample was tested with anti-HBc ELISA. Positive found in the first test was retested. Out of 1,000 samples on duplicate test, 117 positives were detected. The incidence of anti-HBc antibody among apparently healthy blood donors was found 11.7%.</p>

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of anti-HBc antibody (IgG and IgM) among HBsAg negative apparently healthy blood donors

Shil¹,

Biswas²,

Khatun³

et al. 2016

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal

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“…At least, the limitations of HBsAg checking in the context of safe blood transfusion are mostly known to many countries. [5][6][7][8][9] Unfortunately, there has been no study about the HBV infection status of HBsAgnegative blood in Bangladesh. The physicians, hepatologists, academicians and policy makers are equally unaware of the seriousness, loop holes and magnitudes of ongoing blood transfusion program of this country.…”

Section: Anti-hbc Screening Of Blood Donors In Bangladesh: Relevance mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Studies from Lebanon and Pakistan have revealed HBV DNA among 2.8% and 2.9% HBsAgnegative, anti-HBc-positive blood donors, respectively. 8,9 Based on these observations, policy makers and professional organizations of these countries have been trying to optimize their blood transfusion system. However, these scientific developments have not influenced the ongoing blood transfusion program of Bangladesh, even though high prevalence of anti-HBc (22.6%) has been reported among healthy subjects of Bangladesh.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-HBc Screening of Blood Donors in Bangladesh: Relevance to Containment of HBV Propagation

Jahan

Islam

Akbar

et al. 2016

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

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Objectives: To avoid further transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, blood is tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) before transfusion. However, post-transfusion hepatitis B has been detected in clinics after transfusion of HBsAg-negative blood. The study presented here was undertaken to assess if HBsAg-negative blood is free from HBV or not. Methods: Sera were collected from 398 blood donors who were negative for HBsAg. Out of 398 blood samples, antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (ant-HBc) was detected in 82 sera samples. HBV DNA was evaluated in HBsAg-negative, anti-HBc-positive sera. HBsAg, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), antibody to HBeAg (anti-HBe), and anti-HBc in the sera were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). HBV DNA was quantified by a real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Out of 82 HBsAgnegative, anti-HBc-positive sera samples, HBV DNA were detected in the sera of 7 voluntary blood donors. Out of these 7 subjects, all were negative for HBeAg. The levels of ALT were more than 30 IU/L in 6 of 7 HBVDNApositive subjects and it was above upper limit of normal (>42 IU/ml) in one subject. Conclusions: The present recommendation about blood transfusion of HBsAg-negative blood system is not capable of blocking HBV transmission to blood recipients. Although advanced countries have adopted nucleic acid testing (NAT) for preventing HBV transmission, developing countries may apply anti-HBc testing and ALT estimation before blood transmission. ( J CLIN EXP HEPATOL 2016;6:115-118) I mportant insights have been developed about epidemiology, virology, molecular biology, immunology, and pathogenesis, mode of transmission, prevention and treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) during last three decades. 1 Although satisfactory treatment modalities are yet to be surfaced, 2 significant developments have been achieved regarding prevention of HBV infection. 3,4 Potent vaccines against HBV are widely used as part of expanded program of immunization around the world. Public health measures have been accentuated to ensure HBV-free safe childbirth. Also, attention has been given for safe transfusion of blood. Taken together, it is now clear that HBV prevention is an achievable goal. In fact, new HBV infection has been a rare entity in most developed and advanced countries with improved health care delivery system. However, the beneficial effects of different HBV prevention programs have not been properly implemented in developing and resource-constrained countries of the world as several millions of new HBV infection emerges every year in developing countries of the world.Bangladesh, a developing country of South-East Asia, has a population of 160 million. HBV is the most common cause of chronic liver diseases including cirrhosis of liver, hepatic failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The risk of acquiring new HBV infection has been reduced in Bangladesh with the introduction of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening in blood donors. However, with the advent of ...

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“…La seguridad de los componentes sanguíneos depende de múltiples factores, entre ellos, los criterios de selección de donantes, las pruebas serológicas utilizadas para tamizar agentes infecciosos, y demás estrategias o filtros que se establezcan con el fin de disminuir la probabilidad de que individuos con riesgo de infección o unidades de sangre con estándares de calidad inadecuados, lleguen a ser transfundidos (11). Entre estos filtros, las pruebas de tamización con sensibilidad adecuada juegan un papel muy importante en la reducción de la transmisión de agentes patógenos (11 y, para otros agentes como el virus de la hepatitis C y el VIH, oscila entre 90 y 100 %, y estos virus se consideran los principales agentes de infecciones transmitidas por transfusiones (12).…”

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“…Entre estos filtros, las pruebas de tamización con sensibilidad adecuada juegan un papel muy importante en la reducción de la transmisión de agentes patógenos (11 y, para otros agentes como el virus de la hepatitis C y el VIH, oscila entre 90 y 100 %, y estos virus se consideran los principales agentes de infecciones transmitidas por transfusiones (12).…”

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Detección de hepatitis B oculta en donantes de bancos sangre, Colombia 2008-2009

et al. 2011

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Palabras clave: transfusión sanguínea, hepatitis B, bancos de sangre. Colombia. Absence of occult hepatitis B in Colombian blood donorsIntroduction. In Colombian blood banks, screening for the surface antigen of hepatitis B is mandatory in all units collected. Testing of antibody against core antigens is not administered, although this method may be useful to detect donors infected with the hepatitis B virus. Objective. The prevalence of occult hepatitis B was determined by applying a full-serological profile of hepatitis B virus to blood samples of blood donors. Materials and methods. Between April 2008 and October 2009, a prospective cross sectional study was conducted using 628 samples from donors to blood banks located in four Colombian cities. Prevalence for hepatitis B had been previously recorded for these cities. Serological screening was performed for the complete virus; then nucleic acid amplification was tested in sera that were anti-HBc reactive and with a titer of anti-HBs ≤30 mUI/ml. Results. Of the 628 samples tested, 129 met the serological criteria established to be tested nucleic acid amplification. None of them demonstrated evidence of nucleic acid amplification of hepatitis B virus. Conclusions. This is the first study in Colombia to detect the presence of blood donors that may be occult hepatitis B carriers. None was detected.

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Anti–hepatits B core antigen testing, viral markers, and occult hepatitis B virus infection in Pakistani blood donors: implications for transfusion practice

Cited by 88 publications

References 14 publications

Incidence of anti-HBc antibody (IgG and IgM) among HBsAg negative apparently healthy blood donors

Incidence of anti-HBc antibody (IgG and IgM) among HBsAg negative apparently healthy blood donors

Anti-HBc Screening of Blood Donors in Bangladesh: Relevance to Containment of HBV Propagation

Detección de hepatitis B oculta en donantes de bancos sangre, Colombia 2008-2009

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