Anatomy of the sacral venous plexus

Zeit, Robert M.; Cope, Constantin

doi:10.2214/ajr.140.1.143

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Communications: ventrally into the organ (visceral) plexuses, principally around the rectum and dorsally via the anterior sacral foramens into the vertebral venous plexuses ( plexus venosi vertebrales; plexus of Batson), being valveless, which can serve either as a possible route of the cavo-caval anastomosis or as a channel for spreading of the metastatic cells and inflammation. 12,18 For an anterolateral view of main parietal pelvic veins ( Figure 3). …”

Section: Ad1 -Pubic Vein(s) (Vena(e) Pubica(e))mentioning

confidence: 99%

The venous system of the pelvis: new nomenclature

Kachlík

Pecháček²,

Musil

et al. 2010

Phlebology

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The clinical venous anatomy of the pelvis and its veins featured a break-through during the past few years. Not only the diagnostic and therapeutical methods but also the knowledge of the functional anatomy and nomenclatures of the veins underwent substantial changes. Eleven years ago, the most recent revision of the Latin anatomical nomenclature, Terminologia Anatomica (TA, 1998) was issued. In 2004, during the 21st World Congress of the International Union of Angiology, a consensus document (under the auspices of Federative International Committee on Anatomical Terminology and International Federation of Associations of Anatomists), reflecting phlebologists' requests for new terms and replacing several insufficient ones, was accepted. Six new terms were added in both Latin and English languages in the chapter concerning the veins of the pelvis. Eponyms are not considered equal synonyms and moreover only one of them was recommended for general use. Detailed anatomy of the veins of the pelvis is discussed. This consensus document will be incorporated in the next version of the Teminologia Anatomica.

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Section: Ad1 -Pubic Vein(s) (Vena(e) Pubica(e))mentioning

confidence: 99%

The venous system of the pelvis: new nomenclature

Kachlík

Pecháček²,

Musil

et al. 2010

Phlebology

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“…The venous drainage is said to be analogous to the arterial anatomy, mainly from branches of the internal iliac veins (43). The venous drainage of the SIJ was stated to occur from tributary veins from the median and lateral sacral veins forming part of the sacral venous plexus anterior to the sacrum (135,142). The Batson 'pre-sacral' plexus or 'vertebral venous plexus' found within the vertebrae and sacrum is involved in the venous drainage of the SIJ (143)(144)(145).…”

Section: E263mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Normal Sacroiliac Joint Anatomy and Adjacent Tissues for Pain Physicians

Poillio

2019

Pain Phys

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Background: The sacroiliac joint (SIJ) forms a complex joint and has shown to be underappreciated in its involvement with lower back pain. Research efforts have intensified on SIJ anatomy and biomechanics because of its predisposing position to pain and dysfunction in individuals suffering from lower back discomfort. Previous work has focused on SIJ anatomy including bone and joint structure, innervation, as well as biomechanics and the treatment of SIJ pain. However, to date, no review exists describing the range of ‘normal’ anatomic features of the SIJ. Objectives: To describe the normal appearance of the SIJ and adjacent tissues, as opposed to ‘abnormal’ conditions involving SIJ morphology. It will also identify key areas that require further study because of lacking information or disagreement. Study Design: A systematic literature review. Setting: The research took place at the University of Otago, New Zealand. All published research on ‘normal SIJ anatomy’ available from MEDLINE, OVID, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Science Direct were included, available until December 2018, in English, French, and German. Subject areas included bony landmarks, joint type, bone morphology, ligamentous attachments, muscular and fascial relationships, blood supply, fatty infiltration, and morphologic variation. Methods: Articles met the selection criteria if they contained specific information on SIJ anatomy, including bone morphology and architecture, ligaments, muscle attachments, innervation, vasculature, and the presence of fat. Biomechanics and kinematics related keywords were used as the literature often couples these with the anatomy. Keywords of individual articles were named as ‘structures of interest.’ Results: A total of 88 primary and 101 secondary articles were identified in the time frame from 1851 to 2018. Primary articles provided quantitative data and detailed anatomic descriptions. Secondary articles did not focus specifically on the anatomy of the SIJ. Although research appeared to be in general agreement on bony landmarks, joint type, myofascial attachments, vasculature, and innervation of the SIJ, there was only part consensus on ligament attachments and cartilage structure. Information regarding bone density of the articulating surfaces of the SIJ is lacking. Despite its potential clinical significance, fatty infiltration within the joint lacks research to date. Limitations: Only the given databases were used for the initial search. Keyword combinations used for this review may not have been inclusive of all articles relevant to the SIJ. Work in languages other than the ones listed or work that is not available via the internet may be missing. Conclusions: This study provides an overview of normal SIJ structures, including all neuromusculoskeletal elements related to the joint. There is a lack of knowledge on the SIJ ligaments warranting further investigation. Furthermore, there are discrepancies in relation to the nomenclature, layers, attachment sites, and on the topographical relationships between ligamentous tissues and nerves. Subsequent studies on the quantification of fat and bone density in the SIJ have been suggested. These could be useful radiologic parameters to assess the condition of the joint clinically. This review may provide insight into the clinical signs and abnormal biomechanical features of the joint for the purposes of treating SIJ pain. Key words: Bone density, bony landmarks, fat infiltration, innervation, ligaments morphology, muscles, sacroiliac joint, vasculature

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