Analysis of the genotype × environment interactions and assessment of the adaptability potential in barley under the conditions of the Northern Trans-Urals

Abstract

Background. Crop yield is a compound and complex character in breeding programs. A stable high yield is determined by the genotype, environmental impacts, and their interaction. A comprehensive assessment of cultivars based on their adaptability, plasticity and stability makes it possible to select among the studied assortment the most promising, potentially high-yielding and environmentally flexible plant forms adaptable to a wide range of environmental conditions.Materials and methods. Evaluation of 146 accessions representing two-row (subsp. distichon L.) and six-row (subsp. vulgare) barleys (Hordeum vulgare L.) was performed in 2015–2017 to measure the adaptability, stability, plasticity and homeostasis of barley yield. Experimental data were statistically processed using the methods of the two-way ANOVA and correlation analysis.Results and conclusion. It was established that barley yield formation was almost equally determined by the genotype (34.3%), environmental conditions (31.9%), and genotype × environment interactions (33,7%), showing that the tested barleys were relatively well adaptable to climate changes in the Northern Trans-Urals. Barley yield was more closely associated with grain weight per plant (r = 0.72) and the number of productive stems per area unit (r = 0.63), and to a lesser extent with seed germination rate in the field (r = 0.39) and 1000 grain weight (r = 0.37). Strong correlations were observed for the yield with the adaptability coefficient (r = 0.94), environmental plasticity index (r = 1.00), and compensatory capacity (r = 0.96). Cvs. ‘Abyssinian 14’ (k-23504, var. pallidum) and ‘Kharkovsky 70’ (k-23683, var. nutans) exhibited a set of adaptive and productive properties.

Ecological Adaptability of Some Cultivars and Breeding Samples of Origanum vulgare L.

“…As far as the authors are concerned, there are no publications on the possibility of using these coefficients for evaluating herbaceous raw material crops. It was shown that similarly to grain crops [17], genotypes with linear regression coefficient (b i ) greater than 1 and variance of deviations from the regression line (σd 2 ) tending to 0 were classified as valuable genotypes by yield of fresh material, mass fraction of essential oil and essential oil yield [25]. In terms of the most valuable characteristic for essential oil-bearing oregano, the essential oil areal yield, the collection local genotype No.…”

“…Based on the long-term data analysis, the coefficient of ecological variation (Cv ecol ) makes it possible to assess the ecological stability and ecological influencing factors, as well as to determine the adaptivity of genotypes [28]. Its effectiveness has been shown for grain crops [25,29]. However, to assess the studied economically valuable characteristics of oregano, this coefficient was not sufficiently indicative with respect to other calculated parameters reflecting the ecological adaptability to the conditions of the region.…”

Higher stability of oat, barley and wheat accessions in their 1000 grain weight is not associated with a smaller grain size

“…Описаны результаты, дающие косвенное подтверждение как повышению уровня урожайности сортов зерновых культур при селекции на повышенный уровень стабильности по данному признаку, так и его снижению. В пользу первого говорят отмеченные существенные корреляционные связи между средней урожайностью образцов ячменя и показателями их пластичности (отрицательные) и стабильности (положительные) по этому признаку для условий Северного Зауралья (Tetyannikov, Bome, 2021). В пользу второго свидетельствуют данные выполненных опытов с яровой пшеницей, в которых показана отрицательная взаимосвязь между средней величиной урожайности зерна и ее стабильностью в разных условиях выращивания (Du et al, 2020).…”