Analysis of pitting corrosion failure of copper tubes in an apartment fire sprinkler system

Suh, Soong‐Hyuck; Suh, Youngjoon; Yoon, Hyung Goog; Oh, Jeongseok; Kim, Young‐Jun; Jung, Kyung‐Hoon; Kwon, Hyuk-Sang

doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2016.03.009

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Copper is ubiquitous in numerous industries due to its relatively low cost coupled with its malleability and high electrical and thermal conductivities. It has uses in everything from residential and commercial plumbing [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ] and electrical wiring to industrial heat exchangers [ 5 , 6 , 7 ] and high-powered electronics [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Copper possesses adequate aqueous corrosion resistance due to the formation of a semi-protective native oxide film.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the Corrosion Behavior of Atomic Layer Deposited Al2O3/TiO2 Nanolaminate Thin Films on Copper in 0.1 M NaCl

2019

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Fifty nanometers of Al2O3 and TiO2 nanolaminate thin films deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) were investigated for protection of copper in 0.1 M NaCl using electrochemical techniques. Coated samples showed increases in polarization resistance over uncoated copper, up to 12 MΩ-cm2, as measured by impedance spectroscopy. Over a 72-h immersion period, impedance of the titania-heavy films was found to be the most stable, as the alumina films experienced degradation after less than 24 h, regardless of the presence of dissolved oxygen. A film comprised of alternating Al2O3 and TiO2 layers of 5 nm each (referenced as ATx5), was determined to be the best corrosion barrier of the films tested based on impedance spectroscopy measurements over 72 h and equivalent circuit modeling. Dissolved oxygen had a minimal effect on ALD film stability, and increasing the deposition temperature from 150 °C to 250 °C, although useful for increasing film quality, was found to be counterproductive for long-term corrosion protection. Implications of ALD film aging and copper-based surface film formation during immersion and testing are also discussed briefly. The results presented here demonstrate the potential for ultra-thin corrosion barrier coatings, especially for high aspect ratios and component interiors, for which ALD is uniquely suited.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Copper possesses adequate aqueous corrosion resistance due to the formation of a semi-protective native oxide film. Still, it corrodes at a finite rate and is susceptible to pitting dependent on solution constituents, pH, and temperature [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Corrosion Behavior of Atomic Layer Deposited Al2O3/TiO2 Nanolaminate Thin Films on Copper in 0.1 M NaCl

2019

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“…As the exposure time increased, the corrosion rate became more constant; this can be attributed to the formation of a protective film on the material surface, giving rise to metal passivation. The passivation process has been related to the formation of a copper (I) oxide layer (Cu 2 O, cuprite) and another layer of copper (II) oxide (CuO, tenorite) [24,30]. In spite of this, the corrosion continues, possibly because the formed film is non-adherent and conductive, allowing the passage of electrons.…”

Section: Fig 4 Copper Corrosion Rate Versus Free Chlorine Concentramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Copper corrosion caused by water chemistry results in the release of copper into drinking water [23]. High levels of dissolved oxygen in the water contribute to the corrosion pits increase in the pipes [24]. Chemical deficiency of water can cause the release of certain heavy metals (for example, Pb, As, Cu, Fe, Mn) putting the health of consumers at risk [9,10,25] Development of passivation or solid phase immobilization on the surfaces of copper pipes, depends mainly on the water chemistry [2,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Residual Chlorine on Copper Pipes in Drinking Water Systems

García-Ávila¹,

Pino²,

Bonifaz-Barba³

et al. 2019

JESTR

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Copper pipes corrosion that transport potable water can deteriorate water quality within a distribution system, releasing high copper amounts, exceeding the maximum concentration copper for potable water standards. This study examines the influence of free chlorine on the leaching of copper in the pipes used for the distribution of drinking water. A series of tests was carried out using corrosion test coupons extractable constructed of copper material. The coupons were installed in units containing filtered water (without chlorine, 0 mg/L) and water treated with an average residual chlorine concentration of 0.85 mg/L in the water treatment plant in Azogues city, Ecuador. A corrosion test rack was also installed in a house with an average residual chlorine concentration of 0.37 mg/L. Coupons in these sites were exposed in duplicate for one, two, three and six months. The corrosion coupons were then extracted and weighed to establish the corrosion rate by gravimetric technique. Additional tests were performed in static immersion laboratory tests using drinking water with chlorine concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 5 mg/L for one month. The weight loss tests indicated that an increase in free chlorine concentration, the greater release of copper and therefore a higher corrosion rate.

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“…Copper has excellent corrosion resistance and has been widely used for the tube of pipe-borne water. More than 80% of all water pipes in Europe and North America are made of copper [ 1 ]. However, despite the excellent corrosion resistance of copper, leakage problems due to pitting corrosion occur constantly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Benzotriazole on the Localized Corrosion of Copper Covered with Carbonaceous Residue

Lee

Hong

et al. 2021

Materials

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Carbonaceous residues on copper pipes during the manufacturing process are known to be one of the main causes of pitting corrosion on copper pipes. This study examined the corrosion-inhibiting effect of benzotriazole (BTA) on C12200 copper pipes with carbonaceous film in synthetic tap water. In the absence of BTA, localized corrosion mechanisms due to galvanic corrosion, crevice corrosion, and oxygen-concentration cell were proposed in the boundary part of the carbonaceous film on the copper through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) analyses. Electrochemical tests showed that BTA inhibits corrosion by forming Cu−BTA complexes on all over the copper surface where carbonaceous film is present. BTA mitigates galvanic corrosion and crevice corrosion at the boundary of the carbonaceous film and suppresses the formation of oxygen-concentration cells through the formation of a Cu−BTA complex.

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Analysis of pitting corrosion failure of copper tubes in an apartment fire sprinkler system

Cited by 21 publications

References 12 publications

Investigation of the Corrosion Behavior of Atomic Layer Deposited Al2O3/TiO2 Nanolaminate Thin Films on Copper in 0.1 M NaCl

Investigation of the Corrosion Behavior of Atomic Layer Deposited Al2O3/TiO2 Nanolaminate Thin Films on Copper in 0.1 M NaCl

Effect of Residual Chlorine on Copper Pipes in Drinking Water Systems

Effect of Benzotriazole on the Localized Corrosion of Copper Covered with Carbonaceous Residue

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