Analysis of Organic Components and Osteoinductivity in Autogenous Tooth Bone Graft Material

Abstract

Purpose: Extensive research is actively ongoing for development of an ideal bone substitute that meets the gold standard. Tooth was selected as a donor site for evaluation of potentials in bone substitutes based on its similar chemical compositions to alveolar bone. Previous studies have evaluated inorganic components of autogenous tooth bone graft material (AutoBT) and osteoconductivity. In continuation from the previous studies, the current study was conducted for analysis of organic components and evaluation of osteoinductivity of AutoBT. Methods: Forty-six extracted teeth were collected from actual patients (Korea Tooth Bank, R&D Institute). Extracted teeth were processed into AutoBT and implanted in dorsal subcutaneous muscular tissues of 15 athymic mice. Biopsy samples were harvested at two, five, and eight weeks. The Bradford assay, sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gradient gel, and western blotting were performed for investigation of organic contents of AutoBT. Results: Histology analyses showed signs of new bone formation as early as two weeks. Results of the Bradford assay indicated the existence of noncollagenous proteins (NCP). 0.29% (2.89 mg/g) of proteins were extracted by weight in the root portion of AutoBT; 0.02% (0.029 mg/g) and 1.79% (17.93 mg/g) of proteins were measured by weight in crown and block-form of AutoBT, respectively. However, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 was not observed in AutoBT. Conclusion: Within the limitation of the current study, AutoBT induced new bone formation by NCP embedded in dentin.

Treatment of Furcation Involvement Using Autogenous Tooth Graft With 1‐Year Follow‐Up: A Case Series

“…Kim et al. (2013) observed the evidence of osteoinduction inducing new bone formation as early as 2 weeks . Wang et al.…”

“…13 ATG is a novel graft consisting of four types of calcium phosphate crystals, including hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, octacalcium phosphate, and amorphous calcium phosphate, which provide a dissolution pattern similar to an autogenous cortical bone. 14 The graft is osteoinductive owing to the presence of osteopontin, bone sialoproteins, osteocalcin, BMP-1, Type I collagen, osterix, and Runx2. 15 observed the evidence of osteoinduction inducing new bone formation as early as 2 weeks.…”

“…15 observed the evidence of osteoinduction inducing new bone formation as early as 2 weeks. 14 Wang et al (2008) found that predentin, odontoblasts, and endothelial cells of the blood vessels of teeth express LIM (named after their initial discovery in the proteins Lin11, Isl-1, & Mec-3) -a protein that accelerates bone mineralization by differentiating undifferentiated cells into osteoblasts. 15 Furthermore, the ATG from root portion is easily decomposed by osteoclasts in comparison with the highly crystalline crown; 14 thus, we prepared the graft using only the root portion.…”

Osteogenic Potential of Demineralized Dentin Matrix as Bone Graft Material

“…It is known that the composition of DDM is similar to that of the autogenous bone in terms of the proportion of inorganic (65%) and organic (35%) substances 6,7) . Experiments, such as the Bradford assay, for assessing the organic composition of DDM suggested that the osteoinductivity of DDM was sufficient for new bone formation 12,34) . Among the organic components, DDM is composed at 90% of type I collagen and 10% of noncollagenous proteins, including osteocalcin, osteopontin, osterix, Runx2, phosphophoryn, and sialoprotein 34) , which are less represented in Bio-Oss Collagen ® and could partially explain the higher osteogenic potential of the DDM in our study.…”

BMP-2 and type I collagen preservation in human deciduous teeth after demineralization

“…2,3 They include metals, 4 ceramics, 5 as well as synthetic, 6,7 and natural polymers such as collagen and some composites. [8][9][10] In recent years, tooth [11][12][13] and tooth-derived materials 14,15 have come to the fore as very promising substrates for bone regeneration because they closely resemble bone tissue, in terms of matrix composition and topography. It is of note that, unlike bone autografts/allografts, which are rarely available at need, teeth are extracted every day and customarily discarded as waste.…”