Analisis Pengaruh Pengeluaran Pemerintah Di Sektor Pendidikan Dan Kesehatan Terhadap Pengentasan Kemiskinan Melalui Peningkatan Pembangunan Manusia Di Provinsi Jawa Tengah

Abstract

The purposes of this paper are (a) to illustrate patterns of development of not only publicexpenditures on education and health sectors, indicators of human development, and poverty indicators inCentral Java province, (b) to identify and analyze the role of the Human Development Index (HDI) withregards to the relationship between government spending for education and health sectors and povertyreduction in the province: whether the HDI as a moderator variable or intervening variable. The data usedwere government expenditures in education and health sectors, HDI and regional poverty rates in 35 districts /cities in Central Java, in the period of 2007 to 2008. The study suggests that (a) in general, in the year 2007 and2008, government spending patterns in education and health sectors, HDI and the percentage of the numberof poor in the regencies / cities demonstrated a positive trend. That is, the increase in government spendingon education and health sectors was followed by not only an increase in HDI but also by a decrease in thepercentage of the population is the poor. Interestingly, the study suggests that HDI was more dominant to be a“pure moderator” variable rather than to be an intervening variable. This infers that the relationship betweengovernment spending on education and health sectors and the alleviation of poverty is reinforced by the roleof HDI. Consequently, government spending on education and health sector did not by itself affect the povertyreduction directly.

The Reinforcement of Health Logistic in Mawar Iteng Program as a Strategy of Improving Human Development Index in Pemalang Regency

“…This human development is not only measured from gross domestic product (GDP). Widodo et al [1] mentioned that there are at least 2 (two) sectors to consider by government in relation to the attempt of expanding its population's opportunity of achieving proper life. They are: education and health.…”

“…Widodo et al [1] stated that in improving human development, there are at least two sectors to consider by government in relation to the attempt of expanding the population's opportunity of achieving reasonable life, education and health sectors.…”

Manajemen Pendidikan Khusus di Sekolah Luar Biasa Untuk Anak Autis

“…Perhatian pemerinah terhadap masalah pendidikan, pemerintah masih terasa kurang. Gambaran ini tercermin dari beragamnya masalah pendidikan yang makin rumit (Widodo, Waridin, & Maria, 2011). Kualitas siswa masih rendah, pengajar kurang profesional, biaya pendidikan yang mahal, bahkan aturan Undang undang di bidang pendidikan masih terasa kacau.…”

Demographic and Financial Dynamics in Prabumulih Region as the Development Expansion Impact

“…The success of the economy of a country is often measured by its economic growth. The economic growth is a condition in which there is a continual increase in gross domestic product, or total output in a country in the long term (Kuncoro, 2010;Widodo et al 2011). The economic growth is important because it is often used as a measurement standard of living conditions which have improved in the country.…”

“…Many other approaches used by economists to measure economic development, such as Sedano (2008) and Bloom and Williamson (1997) use GDP per capita, Silipo (2009) use the income per capita, Golley and Tyers (2012) use income per capita and GDP real, Huang and Su (2010) use GDP real per capita, Nasir and Tahir (2011) use poverty reduction as an indicator of economic development. The poverty reduction is a picture of welfare experienced by the society, because poverty is a situation where there are people with insufficient income amount (Widodo et al 2011).…”