An fMRI study of stimulus equivalence

Dickins, David W.; Singh, Krish Devi; Roberts, Neil; Burns, Patrick; Downes, John J.; Jimmieson, Phil; Bentall, Richard P.

doi:10.1097/00001756-200102120-00043

Cited by 56 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The slice selection used by Acuna et al (2002a) did not cover the medial temporal lobe. Other recent studies of transitive inference using verbal premise pairs (Goel and Dolan, 2001) or iconic stimuli (Dickins et al, 2001) also reported significant prefrontal and parietal cortex activation. Of interest, patients with prefrontal cortex damage exhibit deficits in the integration of relations (Waltz et al, 1999), as do patients with schizophrenia (Titone et al, in press).…”

Section: Neural Circuitry Of Transitive Inferencementioning

confidence: 76%

Hippocampal activation during transitive inference in humans

et al. 2004

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Studies in rodents have demonstrated that the integration and flexible expression of memories, necessary for transitive inference, depend on an intact hippocampus. To test this hypothesis in humans, we studied brain activation during the discrimination of a series of overlapping and non-overlapping arbitrary visual stimulus pairs. We report that transitive inference about overlapping pairs is associated with right anterior hippocampal activation, whereas recognition of non-overlapping stimulus pairs is associated with bilateral medial temporal lobe activation centered in the anterior parahippocampal gyrus. We conclude that immediate access to simple stimulus-stimulus relationships is mediated via the parahippocampal gyrus, whereas the flexible representation of memory requires the recruitment of the hippocampus.

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Section: Neural Circuitry Of Transitive Inferencementioning

confidence: 76%

Hippocampal activation during transitive inference in humans

et al. 2004

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“…The current data are important in that only one published study has undertaken an investigation of the neural correlates of derived relational responding (Dickins et al, 2001, who used fMRI). The current research employed Table 9 Results of Scheffé post hoc tests comparing area dimensions (mV 3 ms), 350 to 550 ms, for the directly trained, equivalent, and nonequivalent trial types for each of the 10 electrode sites, with percentage of individual participants (in parentheses) conforming to the direction of the statistically significant effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Derived Stimulus Relations, Semantic Priming, and Event-Related Potentials: Testing a Behavioral Theory of Semantic Networks

Barnes‐Holmes

Staunton

Whelan

et al. 2005

Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior

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Derived equivalence relations, it has been argued, provide a behavioral model of semantic or symbolic meaning in natural language, and thus equivalence relations should possess properties that are typically associated with semantic relations. The present study sought to test this basic postulate using semantic priming. Across three experiments, participants were trained and tested in two 4-member equivalence relations using word-like nonsense words. Participants also were exposed to a single-or two-word lexical decision task, and both direct (Experiment 1) and mediated (Experiments 2 and 3) priming effects for reaction times and event-related potentials were observed within but not across equivalence relations. The findings support the argument that derived equivalence relations provides a useful preliminary model of semantic relations.

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“…However, some studies suggest that brain activation is bilateral for tasks that use a semantic criterion (Dickins et al, 2001). Semantic tasks are impaired in patients with lesions in both hemispheres, which suggests that the semantic process for lexical generation depends on the collaboration of both hemispheres (Borovsky, Saygin, Bates, & Dronkers, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of aging, education, reading and writing, semantic processing and depression symptoms on verbal fluency

Moraes¹,

Guimarães²,

Joanette³

et al. 2013

Psicol. Reflex. Crit.

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Verbal fl uency tasks are widely used in (clinical) neuropsychology to evaluate components of executive functioning and lexical-semantic processing (linguistic and semantic memory). Performance in those tasks may be affected by several variables, such as age, education and diseases. This study investigated whether aging, education, reading and writing frequency, performance in semantic judgment tasks and depression symptoms predict the performance in unconstrained, phonemic and semantic fl uency tasks. This study sample comprised 260 healthy adults aged 19 to 75 years old. The Pearson correlation coeffi cient and multiple regression models were used for data analysis. The variables under analysis were associated in different ways and had different levels of contribution according to the type of verbal fl uency task. Education had the greatest effect on verbal fl uency tasks. There was a greater effect of age on semantic fl uency than on phonemic tasks. The semantic judgment tasks predicted the verbal fl uency performance alone or in combination with other variables. These fi ndings corroborate the importance of education in cognition supporting the hypothesis of a cognitive reserve and confi rming the contribution of lexical-semantic processing to verbal fl uency. Keywords: Verbal fl uency, age, education, reading and writing habits, depression, semantic judgment. ResumoAs tarefas de fl uência verbal são amplamente empregadas na clínica neuropsicológica para avaliar os componentes de funções executivas e processamento léxico-semântico (linguagem e memória semântica). O desempenho nessas tarefas pode ser infl uenciado por diferentes variáveis, como idade, escolaridade e diferentes patologias. Este estudo investigou se a idade, escolaridade, frequência dos hábitos de leitura e escrita, o desempenho em tarefas de julgamento semântico e sintomas de depressão predizem os desempenhos em tarefas de fl uência verbal de critério livre, fonêmico-ortográfi co e semântico. Participaram desse estudo 260 adultos saudáveis entre 19 e 75 anos. Foi utilizada a correlação de Pearson e da análise de regressão múltipla. As variáveis analisadas foram associadas em diferentes modelos combinatórios e apresentaram distintos níveis de explicação de acordo com o tipo de fl uência verbal. A escolaridade foi a variáveis que melhor contribuiu para a explicação do desempenho nas tarefas de fl uência verbal, seguida pela idade, principalmente na tarefa fonêmico--ortográfi ca. O desempenho nas tarefas de julgamento semântico predisse a performance da fl uência verbal isoladamente ou em combinação com as demais variáveis. Esses resultados corroboram a importância da escolaridade na cognição, sustentando a hipótese da reserva cognitiva e confi rmam a implicação do processamento léxico-semântico na fl uência verbal. Palavras-chave: Fluência verbal, idade, escolaridade, leitura e escrita, depressão, julgamento semântico.

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An fMRI study of stimulus equivalence

Cited by 56 publications

References 18 publications

Hippocampal activation during transitive inference in humans

Hippocampal activation during transitive inference in humans

Derived Stimulus Relations, Semantic Priming, and Event-Related Potentials: Testing a Behavioral Theory of Semantic Networks

Effect of aging, education, reading and writing, semantic processing and depression symptoms on verbal fluency

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