An evaluation of the chemical content and microbiological contamination of Anatolian bee venom

Tanuğur-Samanc, Aslı Elif; Kekeçoğlu, Meral

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0255161

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Much attention has been paid to the study of the antimicrobial action of bee venom [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. These properties are due to the presence of peptide compounds, phospholipase А2, MCD (mast cell degranulating) peptide, and melittin.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is due to the well-documented diverse biological activity of this most expensive bee product. In particular, evidence has been obtained of its antimicrobial action against both bacteria (including antibiotic-resistant strains) and pathogenic fungi [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. The therapeutic effect of the external use of apitoxin in the treatment of wounds [ 24 , 25 ] as well as skin diseases [ 26 ] is largely associated with antimicrobial activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Properties of Honey Bee Venom

Isidorov¹,

Zalewski

Zambrowski

et al. 2023

Molecules

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Due to its great medical and pharmaceutical importance, honey bee venom is considered to be well characterized both chemically and in terms of biomedical activity. However, this study shows that our knowledge of the composition and antimicrobial properties of Apis mellifera venom is incomplete. In this work, the composition of volatile and extractive components of dry and fresh bee venom (BV) was determined by GC-MS, as well as antimicrobial activity against seven types of pathogenic microorganisms. One-hundred and forty-nine organic C1–C19 compounds of different classes were found in the volatile secretions of the studied BV samples. One-hundred and fifty-two organic C2–C36 compounds were registered in ether extracts, and 201 compounds were identified in methanol extracts. More than half of these compounds are new to BV. In microbiological tests involving four species of pathogenic Gram-positive and two species of Gram-negative bacteria, as well as one species of pathogenic fungi, the values of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC) were determined for samples of dry BV, as well as ether and methanol extracts from it. Gram-positive bacteria show the greatest sensitivity to the action of all tested drugs. The minimum MIC values for Gram-positive bacteria in the range of 0.12–7.63 ng mL−1 were recorded for whole BV, while for the methanol extract they were 0.49–125 ng mL−1. The ether extracts had a weaker effect on the tested bacteria (MIC values 31.25–500 ng mL−1). Interestingly, Escherichia coli was more sensitive (MIC 7.63–500 ng mL−1) to the action of bee venom compared to Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC ≥ 500 ng mL−1). The results of the tests carried out indicate that the antimicrobial effect of BV is associated with the presence of not only peptides, such as melittin, but also low molecular weight metabolites.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Properties of Honey Bee Venom

Isidorov¹,

Zalewski

Zambrowski

et al. 2023

Molecules

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“…Purified bee venom is composed of enzymes and several active peptides, including apamin, melittin, mast cell-degranulating peptides, and adolapin, and is a natural toxin produced by Apis mellifera L. (honeybees) [43,44]. Bee venom is reported to treat back pain, rheumatoid arthritis (inflammatory disease), and skin diseases and acts as an anticancer agent in the treatment of breast cancer cells, prostate cancer cells, and lung cancer cells [45,46]. A recent study reported that bee venom was effective in periodontitis treatment, showing anti-periodontitis and anti-inflammatory effects [47].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apitherapy and Periodontal Disease: Insights into In Vitro, In Vivo, and Clinical Studies

et al. 2022

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Periodontal diseases are caused mainly by inflammation of the gums and bones surrounding the teeth or by dysbiosis of the oral microbiome, and the Global Burden of Disease study (2019) reported that periodontal disease affects 20–50% of the global population. In recent years, more preference has been given to natural therapies compared to synthetic drugs in the treatment of periodontal disease, and several oral care products, such as toothpaste, mouthwash, and dentifrices, have been developed comprising honeybee products, such as propolis, honey, royal jelly, and purified bee venom. In this study, we systematically reviewed the literature on the treatment of periodontitis using honeybee products. A literature search was performed using various databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus, clinicaltrials.gov, and Google Scholar. A total of 31 studies were reviewed using eligibility criteria published between January 2016 and December 2021. In vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies (randomized clinical trials) were included. Based on the results of these studies, honeybee products, such as propolis and purified bee venom, were concluded to be effective and safe for use in the treatment of periodontitis mainly due to their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. However, to obtain reliable results from randomized clinical trials assessing the effectiveness of honeybee products in periodontal treatment with long-term follow-up, a broader sample size and assessment of various clinical parameters are needed.

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