Aluminium doped zinc oxide films: formation process and optical properties

Electrical characterization and device characterization of ZnO microring shaped films by sol–gel method

“…(3) [28,29] and Kubelka-Munk function F(R) is directly proportional to the absorbance. Therefore, F(R) values were converted to the linear absorption coefficient by means of˛= F(R)/t = Absorbance/t relation [30]; where t is the thickness of the ZnO film. The curve of (F(R)h /t) 2 vs. h for the ZnO film was plotted, as shown in Fig.…”

Formation of Al-doped ZnO thin films on glass by sol–gel process and characterization

“…Sol-gel process is getting much attention because of its simplicity and low cost. This process is capable of producing high-quality coatings even on both large-and small-sized substrates which can be employed for advanced applications (Silva and Darbello Zaniquelli 1999;Lee and Park 2003;Ng et al 2012).…”

“…After the deposition process, furnace atmosphere, drying and annealing time are important factors (Silva and Darbello Zaniquelli 1999).…”

Deposition of Al doped ZnO thin films on the different substrates with radio frequency magnetron sputtering

“…At present, as good alternatives to ITO, many research groups have studied ZnO based materials such as Al doped ZnO (AZO) which are non-toxic, inexpensive source materials and abundant for thin-film transparent electrode applications [17,18]. In addition, when impurity elements of group III in the periodic table (B, Al, Ga, and In), especially Al, are incorporated, ZnO becomes an n-type material with the improvement of electrical [19] and optical properties because of the increase in the carrier concentration and mobility.…”