Alternative supplements and ms medium concentrations in the in vitro establishment of Dipteryx alata Vog.

Abstract

Dipteryx alata Vog. (barueiro) is a native fruit of the Cerrado used in food and medicine. The species has never been domesticated and is currently at risk of extinction. Plant tissue culture is an important tool for the conservation of germplasm and for quick, large-scale propagation of quality seedlings. While, this technique has never been used with barueiro, it could be a valuable tool in the domestication of this species. The objective of this work is to evaluate concentrations of MS medium salts (25, 50, 75 and 100%) supplemented with coconut water (100 mL L -1 ), dwarf banana pulp (60 g L -1 ) or the absence of any supplement in the in vitro establishment of barueiro seeds (Dipteryx alata Vog). The experiment used a completely randomized design (CRD) with a 3x4 factorial scheme (three cultivation media types and four concentrations of MS salts) and three repetitions. The following characteristics were evaluated: germination rate, shoot length , largest root length , stem diameter , number of leaves , chlorophyll A , chlorophyll B , total chlorophyll, and the fresh and dry mass of the seedlings. The coconut water and banana pulp supplements did not improve the in vitro development of the barueiro seedlings and the full concentration of MS salts did not improve the initial development of the seedlings. However, the pure MS medium at a concentration of 25% MS salts was the best option for the in vitro establishment of Dipteyx alata.

In vitro cultivation of purple basil Ocimum basilicum L. ‘red rubin’ at different levels of salts, charcoal, sucrose and potassium iodine

“…This appears to occur because certain nutrients cause negative effects on plant growth at high concentrations. Absorption rates may exceed utilization rates in in vitro environments, and effect that does not occur in vivo (Ramage and Williams, 2002;Silva et al, 2016). Shoot lengths and shoot masses showed high values at 100% MS salt concentrations, probably reflecting their high demands (principally) for nitrogen, a key component of proteins and nucleic acids (George et al, 2008).…”

Salt concentrations in culture media for the development of Dipteryx alata in vitro

“…However, these reports do not specify which culture medium is the most suitable for the in vitro development of the species (Silva et al, 2016b). Other authors have proposed alternatives for providing nourishment in barley explants, such as supplementation of the Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium with banana pulp and coconut water (Silva et al, 2016a); this study however, could not infer on the most promising protocol for the in vitro development of D. alata. This gap in knowledge also exists for other species of the genus Dypteryx, such as D. odorata (Aubl.)…”

“…Thus, dry mass also increased linearly with increasing salt concentration (Figure 1 D). This can be explained by two facts: the MS medium, even at diluted concentrations, provides a higher concentration of nutrients than the WPM (Yeung et al, 2015), and for D. alata, additional macronutrients are significant for growth, increasing the stem diameter, leaf number, leaf area, and the production of dry mass of leaves, stem, and roots (Silva et al, 2016a(Silva et al, , 2016b. This confirms the close relationship between an increase in salt concentration and the potential development of young plants in this species under in vitro culture.…”

In vitro cultivation and acclimatization of Miltonia flavescens (Lindl.) Lindl. with ora-pro-nobis extract (Pereskia aculeata Mill.)

“…Studies of orchid in vitro cultivation using other extracts of plant origin, such as coconut water, have shown an efficient effect of this extract in promoting in vitro growth because it contains considerable amounts of myo-inositol, cytokinins, nucleotides, and other organic compounds, which act directly on the development of plants in vitro (Silva et al, 2016). However, ora-pro-nobis leaves are composed mainly of mineral elements, e.g., calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium, zinc, phosphorus, boron, and manganese, and have high protein content (Oliveira et al, 2013;Takeiti et al, 2009).…”