Alhagi maurorum aqueous extract protects against norfloxacin-induced hepato-nephrotoxicity in rats

Abstract

Objectives To determine the effects of aqueous extract of Alhagi maurorum against the adverse effects including hepato‐nephrotoxicity induced by a broad‐spectrum antibiotic norfloxacin in rats. Methods Adult male albino rats were treated with or without norfloxacin (10 mg/kg) and Alhagi maurorum (300 mg/kg). Serum samples were collected to evaluate liver and kidney function tests, and hepatic and renal tissue samples were obtained to assess antioxidant activity and histopathological examination. Results Alhagi maurorum ameliorated norfloxacin induced elevated levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aminotransferases (AST), urea, creatinine, and uric acid. In addition, Alhagi maurorum significantly reduced the tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), and increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) compared to norfloxacin alone treated group. Histological analysis demonstrate that Alhagi maurorum conserved the hepatic and renal tissue damages induced by norfloxacin. Conclusion These findings indicate that Alhagi maurorum aqueous extract possesses a potent antioxidant activity and could be used to attenuate norfloxacin induced oxidative stress and hepatorenal damage in experimental models. Support or Funding Information No funding support This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.

Evaluation of Peronema canescens Leaves Extract: Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content, Antioxidant Capacity, and Radical Scavenger Activity

“…The content of these phenolic compounds interferes with the mechanism of free radical production either by the formation of chelating reactions on transition metals or by inhibiting the enzymatic reactions involved in the initiation reactions. Phenolic compounds can act as reducing agents, free radical scavengers, hydrogen donors, and inhibitors of pro-oxidative enzymes [2]. Meanwhile, in the results obtained from the high levels of ethanol extract of P. canescens leaves for the total flavonoid content of 142,247 mg QE/g, there is a linear correlation from various studies that the higher the total flavonoid content, the higher the antioxidant capacity [29].…”

“…The human body has many mechanisms (pathways) to combat oxidative stress by naturally producing endogenous compounds with antioxidant properties or supplied externally by functional foods (nutraceuticals) or supplements. Therefore, antioxidant compounds can affect biological responses in dealing with the causes of free radicals and reduce the risk of degenerative diseases [2]. The side effects of using herbal medicines tend to be fewer than conventional medicines (patent medicines).…”

“…Antioxidants from herbal ingredients increase antioxidant capacity and reduce the risk of various diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and stroke. Secondary metabolites such as phenolic compounds and flavonoids from multiple parts of plant materials have been reported as strong free radical scavengers in leaves, fruit, seeds, roots, and bark [2], [3]. The use of herbal ingredients as medicinal products and functional food (nutraceuticals) has been known for thousands of years, as evidenced by various sources obtained, such as ancient books of medicine and various notes on the walls of monuments as a heritage in the world's great societies [4].…”

Effects of norfloxacin on fetal development in pregnant female rats

“…Furthermore, increases in serum ALT and AST were reported in rats after administration of enrofloxacin [33]. The increased levels of serum ALT and AST detected in rats after administration of norfloxacin were referred to the oxidative stress where the production of oxidative radicals caused mitochondrial damage, RNA processing, transcription and inflammation that could serve as a mechanism for hepato-renal toxicity [34].…”

“…These findings agree with those of previous experiments. Nephrotoxicity with increased serum creatinine, serum urea, and creatinine clearance was detected in rats after administration of ciprofloxacin, fluoroquinolones and norfloxacin [30,34,35,36].…”