“…Brand actors have a long tradition of conflicting perspectives on how to build and manage the relationship with consumers in designing and implementing branding strategies (Devinney & Dowling, 1999;Hotz, Ryans, & Shanklin, 1982;Kover, James, & Sonner, 1997). Their orientations are characterized by the long established dichotomy between CA (Beard, 1996;Gralpois, 2010;Lichtenthal & Shani, 2000;Michell, 1984aMichell, , 1984b.…”