Addressing Sustainability of Sanitation Systems

Starkl, Markus; Brunner, Norbert; Hauser, A.; Feil, Magdalena; Kasan, Hamanth

doi:10.4018/ijsr.2018010103

Cited by 15 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…47,48 Effective standards require a common understanding and can support innovative solutions. 48 Developing a shared vision for sanitation and resource recoveryone that aspires to benefit society and the environment through contextually appropriate, integrated systemswill help to frame thinking and improve communication among diverse scholars and stakeholders. 43 Such a shared vision can support the development of models that advance suitable, place-based approaches supported by effective stakeholder engagement and interdisciplinary understanding of broader social and environmental contexts.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Establishing a shared vision of sustainable sanitation is critical to the development of sustainability standards, which can then support innovative approaches. 48 When exploring the dynamics of how individuals or stakeholder groups may respond to new standards or policy changes, approaches such as agent-based modeling can be useful in predicting the emergence of larger-scale economic, political, environmental, or technological outcomes (e.g., land use change, technology diffusion). 46 However, such simulation techniques should not be assumed to provide conclusive evidence of real-world behavior, as agent-based models can be highly sensitive to large numbers of uncertain parameters and cannot fully capture diverse decision-making processes within human systems.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rather, it offers a uniform starting point that avoids weighting some factors more heavily than others, embracing multiple perspectives, analytical approaches, and types of findings. 48 The framework can offer insight into what elements are explicitly analyzed in a research study, illuminate limitations and features outside the study's scope, and help integrate evidence from diverse contexts and approaches to elucidate overarching trends, critical factors, and generalizable relationships. 43 For example, results from our study of sanitation alternatives in Kampala, Uganda (which inspired, and was also influenced by, the development of the S-SES framework) revealed that the most suitable path forward will depend on local priorities.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Re-Envisioning Sanitation As a Human-Derived Resource System

Trimmer

Miller

Byrne

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Sanitation remains a global challenge, both in terms of access to toilet facilities and resource intensity (e.g., energy consumption) of waste treatment. Overcoming barriers to universal sanitation coverage and sustainable resource management requires approaches that manage bodily excreta within coupled human and natural systems. In recent years, numerous analytical methods have been developed to understand cross-disciplinary constraints, opportunities, and trade-offs around sanitation and resource recovery. However, without a shared language or conceptual framework, efforts from individual disciplines or geographic contexts may remain isolated, preventing the accumulation of generalized knowledge. Here, we develop a version of the social-ecological systems framework modified for the specific characteristics of bodily excreta. This framework offers a shared vision for sanitation as a human-derived resource system, where people are part of the resource cycle. Through sanitation technologies and management strategies, resources including water, organics, and nutrients accumulate, transform, and impact human experiences and natural environments. Within the framework, we establish a multitiered lexicon of variables, characterized by breadth and depth, to support harmonized understanding and development of models and analytical approaches. This framework’s refinement and use will guide interdisciplinary study around sanitation to identify guiding principles for sanitation that advance sustainable development at the nature-society interface.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Re-Envisioning Sanitation As a Human-Derived Resource System

Trimmer

Miller

Byrne

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Furthermore, we assign weights to factors for standard selection for the case of phosphorus recovery through struvite formation. Although prior research has focused on standards for non-sewered sanitation systems [13], this is one of the first studies that investigates standardization in the area of water treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Filtering Out Standard Success Criteria in the Case of Multi-Mode Standardization: Responsible Waste Water Treatment

Kaa

Eijnden²,

Doorn

2020

Sustainability

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Standardization can be achieved in multiple ways; firms may join forces and develop standards in standardization committees, they may compete directly on the market in standards battles, or governmental agencies may impose standards. This paper studies criteria for the selection of standards in a situation in which these three forms of standardization occur simultaneously (multi-mode standardization). The paper attempts to arrive at weights for these criteria by applying them to the case of phosphorus recovery from municipal waste water, a technological process that fits the transition to a circular economy but that is still lacking standardization. A contribution is made to the standardization literature by empirically studying the case of multi-mode standardization and by applying standard success criteria to the area of water treatment.

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“…If expert weightings are used, frameworks should seek to align their weighting schemes in pursuit of universally agreed upon weights that are developed using multiple experts since a limited number of experts (usually n<20) often results in weak expert consensus 28 and weightings that are highly 341 sensitive. 28,29 For example, the comprehensive and long-established method to calculate disability 342 adjusted life years (DALYS) uses universal, expert-derived weights that also incorporate local and 343 social factors such as local air quality and gender. 78,79 Sanitation framework weights could emulate the DALYS model of expert weights that account for context-specific information to help reconcile the desired universality of indicators with the need for context-specific adaptations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing Sanitation Sustainability Assessment Frameworks for Resource-Limited Communities

Davis

Javernick‐Will

Cook

2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Diverse and numerous sanitation sustainability assessment frameworks have been created 10 to enhance the ability of systems to provide safe sanitation services, especially in resource-limited 11 contexts. However, many go unused while new frameworks are developed and high sanitation 12 system failure rates persist. To better support the Sustainable Development Goal around global 13 sanitation, there is a need to better understand how sanitation sustainability is defined and 14 measured and the potential advantages and disadvantages of existing assessment frameworks. A 15 subset of existing sanitation sustainability assessment frameworks was reviewed after applying 16 each to evaluate multiple successful and failed community sanitation systems in India. Overall, the evaluated frameworks did not share a sanitation sustainability definition or core set of essential indicators. Many indicators lacked clear definitions and guidance on data collection and analysis.When evaluating framework effectiveness, differentiations between successful and failed cases varied greatly between frameworks. Potential improvements include indicator pilot-testing, to verify measurement feasibility and that they provide expected results; context-specific weightings; and project-specific framework selection. Clarifying and improving sanitation sustainability 23 assessment frameworks could increase their effectiveness and use, leading to better decisionmaking and improved public and environmental health, economic viability, and sanitation use and acceptance.

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Addressing Sustainability of Sanitation Systems

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

Re-Envisioning Sanitation As a Human-Derived Resource System

Re-Envisioning Sanitation As a Human-Derived Resource System

Filtering Out Standard Success Criteria in the Case of Multi-Mode Standardization: Responsible Waste Water Treatment

Analyzing Sanitation Sustainability Assessment Frameworks for Resource-Limited Communities

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