Filtering Out Standard Success Criteria in the Case of Multi-Mode Standardization: Responsible Waste Water Treatment

Abstract

Standardization can be achieved in multiple ways; firms may join forces and develop standards in standardization committees, they may compete directly on the market in standards battles, or governmental agencies may impose standards. This paper studies criteria for the selection of standards in a situation in which these three forms of standardization occur simultaneously (multi-mode standardization). The paper attempts to arrive at weights for these criteria by applying them to the case of phosphorus recovery from municipal waste water, a technological process that fits the transition to a circular economy but that is still lacking standardization. A contribution is made to the standardization literature by empirically studying the case of multi-mode standardization and by applying standard success criteria to the area of water treatment.

Technical standardization and total factor productivity in innovation-driven development: Evidence from China

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Overcoming Bottlenecks for Realizing a Vehicle-to-Grid Infrastructure in Europe through Standardization

“…[8] 21. Agenda-setting effort "Agenda-setting can be used as a tool by any member in the standardization process to align the interests and increase the awareness about possible standards among stakeholders, which leads to increased collaboration, eventually helping to reach a successful consensus" [8,43,44].…”

The Primary Actors of Technology Standardization in the Manufacturing Industry

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