Adaptive aberration correction in a confocal microscope

Booth, Martin J.; Neil, Mark A. A.; Juškaitis, Rimas; Wilson, Tony

doi:10.1073/pnas.082544799

Cited by 385 publications

(276 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…9 For instance, combining diffractive microstructures atop a curved refractive surface can minimize aberrations in lenses, in a more compact way compared to the conventional methods by adaptive optics. 10 In addition, micropatterning on the sidewalls of implantable neural probes could potentially lead to an effective approach of recording threedimensional (3-D) neural signals. 11,12 Meanwhile, shape modification in the vertical direction of microfluidic channels and 3-D integration may significantly enhance their performances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical microlithography on oblique and multiplane surfaces using diffractive phase masks

Wang

Menon

2015

J. Micro/Nanolith. MEMS MOEMS

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Abstract. Micropatterning on oblique and multiplane surfaces remains a challenge in microelectronics, microelectromechanics, and photonics industries. We describe the use of numerically optimized diffractive phase masks to project microscale patterns onto photoresist-coated oblique and multiplane surfaces. Intriguingly, we were able to pattern a surface at 90 deg to the phase mask, which suggests the potential of our technique to pattern onto surfaces of extreme curvature. Further studies show that mask fabrication error of below 40-nm suffices to conserve pattern fidelity. A resolution of 3 μm and a depth-of-focus of 55 μm are essentially dictated by the design parameters, the mask generation tool, and the exposure system. The presented method can be readily extended for simple and inexpensive three-dimensional micropatterning. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical microlithography on oblique and multiplane surfaces using diffractive phase masks

Wang

Menon

2015

J. Micro/Nanolith. MEMS MOEMS

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“…Previous exciting works in adaptive optics (AO) have exploited these advantages and demonstrated aberration correction for a large field of view (FOV) by averaging the correction wavefront or using only the low-order modes of correction (5)(6)(7)(8)(9). However, these methods are valid when imaging transparent tissues or at shallow depth in turbid tissues.…”

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confidence: 99%

High-resolution in vivo imaging of mouse brain through the intact skull

Park

Sun

Cui

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

148

130

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Multiphoton microscopy is the current method of choice for in vivo deep-tissue imaging. The long laser wavelength suffers less scattering, and the 3D-confined excitation permits the use of scattered signal light. However, the imaging depth is still limited because of the complex refractive index distribution of biological tissue, which scrambles the incident light and destroys the optical focus needed for high resolution imaging. Here, we demonstrate a wavefrontshaping scheme that allows clear imaging through extremely turbid biological tissue, such as the skull, over an extended corrected field of view (FOV). The complex wavefront correction is obtained and directly conjugated to the turbid layer in a noninvasive manner. Using this technique, we demonstrate in vivo submicron-resolution imaging of neural dendrites and microglia dynamics through the intact skulls of adult mice. This is the first observation, to our knowledge, of dynamic morphological changes of microglia through the intact skull, allowing truly noninvasive studies of microglial immune activities free from external perturbations.neuroimaging | nonlinear microscopy | wavefront shaping | immunology | adaptive optics B reakthroughs in imaging technologies have been one of the major driving forces of new discoveries in biology (1). In the past two decades, we have witnessed that the advances of superresolution microscopy revolutionized our understanding of the complex dynamics in single cells (2). However, the techniques that work well on cultured cells often fail when being used to observe the cells in their native environment inside a living organism, the most ideal condition for biological studies. These difficulties result from the optical wavefront distortions induced by the inhomogeneous refractive index distribution in biological tissue.Because of this limitation, imaging inside deep tissue has been a challenging task, and the common goal of state of the art deep tissue-imaging methods is to recover the diffraction-limited resolution. These efforts can be categorized largely into two groups: the first capitalizes the use of longer wavelengths (3, 4) that undergo less scattering, whereas the second controls the optical wavefront, so that the wavefront distortions induced by the sample can be compensated (5-30). Longer wavelength excitation has demonstrated impressive penetration depths in the exposed brain (3) and imaging of the brain vascular structures beneath the skull (4). However, at the current state, using longer wavelengths is not a simple option because it requires special illumination sources [e.g., low repetition rate, high energy pulses (3)] or fluorescent probes (4), and provides only moderate spatial resolutions. In comparison, wavefront shaping allows the use of conventional light sources as well as the wide selection of wellestablished labels and functional indicators (31).Previous exciting works in adaptive optics (AO) have exploited these advantages and demonstrated aberration correction for a large field of view (FOV) by avera...

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“…This principle, initially developed for astronomy (Hardy, 1998), can be applied to confocal microscopy (Booth et al, 2002). The idea is to feed a pre-aberrated wavefront into the optical system that contains aberrations opposite to those generated within the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of specimen‐induced aberrations for objects with spherical and cylindrical symmetry

Schwertner

Booth

Wilson

2004

Journal of Microscopy

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SummaryWavefront aberrations caused by the refractive index structure of the specimen are known to compromise signal intensity and three-dimensional resolution in confocal and multiphoton microscopy. However, adaptive optics can measure and correct specimen-induced aberrations. For the design of an adaptive optics system, information on the type and amount of the aberration is required. We have previously described an interferometric set-up capable of measuring specimen-induced aberrations and a method for the extraction of the Zernike mode content. In this paper we have modelled specimen-induced aberrations caused by spherical and cylindrical objects using a ray tracing method. The Zernike mode content of the wavefronts was then extracted from the simulated wavefronts and compared with experimental results. Aberrations for a simple model of an oocyte cell consisting of two spherical regions and for a model of a well-characterized optical fibre are calculated. This simple model gave Zernike mode data that are in good agreement with experimental results.

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Adaptive aberration correction in a confocal microscope

Cited by 385 publications

References 24 publications

Optical microlithography on oblique and multiplane surfaces using diffractive phase masks

Optical microlithography on oblique and multiplane surfaces using diffractive phase masks

High-resolution in vivo imaging of mouse brain through the intact skull

Simulation of specimen‐induced aberrations for objects with spherical and cylindrical symmetry

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