Adaptation to laterally displaced vision: A review.

Abstract

This paper reviews the recent experimental and theoretical literature regarding adaptation to the wearing of prisms that laterally displace the visual field. Emphasis is placed upon adaptational changes in proprioception, the development of new patterns of muscle efference, and the interaction between such changes in proprioception and efference. The paper also includes a discussion of prism adaptation as a learning process which acts to minimize disparities between different sensory modalities. In this context, information, attention, judgment, and experimental design are .treated as imposing important constraints upon which sensory inputs are accepted as veridical. The role of classical conditioning and the importance of active movement are also discussed.

Prismatic displacement of vision induces transient changes in the timing of eye-hand coordination

“…Since the end of the last century, a considerable amount of work has been performed on prism adaptation, especially on the locus of adaptation (see reviews in Koga, 1988;Kohler, 1962;Kornheiser, 1976;Welch, 1986). The different theories of prism adaptationcan be classifiedinto three main groups, based on the hypothesized nature of adaptation: arm proprioceptive change (Harris, 1963), central change in plurimodal coordination (Hardt, Held, & Steinbach, 1971; This work was supported by the Liaison Universite-Industrie, Rayonnement International, Lyon, France, the French Ministry of Research and Technology and Human Frontiers Science Program to Y.R., and by the grant in aid for developmental scientific research(6381002)from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan to K.K.…”

“…Indeed, very little is known about the dynamic aspect of the adaptation phenomenon. In his extensive review, Kornheiser (1976) stated that the concept of prism adaptation as a dynamic process has not been adequately explored. Since then, very few attempts have…”

An examination of the relationship between visual capture and prism adaptation

“…246-247) and Stratton (1896Stratton ( , 1897aStratton ( , 1897b, it has generally been agreed that much can be learned about perception and perceptual-motor coordination by noting the response of human subjects to optically induced visual distortion. (See Kornheiser, 1976, and Welch, 1974, 1978, for reviews of the extensive literature in this area.) The most commonly used visual rearrangement is 11 0 lateral displacement, effected by a 20-diopter wedge prism.…”

Prism adaptation with hypnotically induced limb anesthesia: The critical roles of head position and prism type

“…The phenomenon involves adapting to prism displacement when hypnotic anesthesia is present in an adapting limb. Specifically, when subjects are asked to observe arm movement through displacing prisms and to adapt to the displacement, they can easily accomplish this if they are able to experience normal arm sensations during the adaptation process (Harris, 1965;Kornheiser, 1976). However, if proprioceptive feedback and felt arm sensations are disrupted as a result of inducing hypnotic anesthesia in the adapting limb, subjects fail to adapt to the prism displacement.…”