A Systematic Approach to Agastache mexicana Research: Biology, Agronomy, Phytochemistry, and Bioactivity

Abstract

Mexico is the center of origin of the species popularly known as toronjil or lemon balm (Agastache mexicana Linton & Epling). Two subspecies have been identified and are commonly called purple or red (Agastache mexicana Linton & Epling subspecies. mexicana) and white (Agastache mexicana subspecies xolocotziana Bye, E.L. Linares & Ramamoorthy). Plants from these subspecies differ in the size and form of inflorescence and leaves. They also possess differences in their chemical compositions, including volatile compounds. Traditional Mexican medicine employs both subspecies. A. mexicana exhibits a broad range of pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, and antioxidant. A systematic vision of these plant’s properties is discussed in this review, exposing its significant potential as a source of valuable bioactive compounds. Furthermore, this review provides an understanding of the elements that make up the species’ holistic system to benefit from lemon balm sustainably.

LC-MS Fingerprinting Development for Standardized Precipitate from Agastache mexicana, Which Induces Antihypertensive Effect through NO Production and Calcium Channel Blockade

“…The present study provides evidence that selected bioactive compounds present in Agastache mexicana and in PP Am , possess significant vasorelaxant and antihypertensive effects. PP Am contains a mixture of bioactive compounds, including acacetin [ 7 , 8 ], luteolin [ 7 , 26 , 27 ], and tilianin) [ 10 ], as well as pentacyclic triterpenic acids such as ursolic acid and morolic acid (in lower amounts) [ 8 ]. Flavonoids are known to exhibit a wide range of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antihypertensive effects.…”

“…Furthermore, phenolic and phenylpropanoid compounds such as flavones, primarily acacetin, and flavonoids such as tilianin and hesperitin, are also present in significant amounts. [ 7 ]…”

Conocimiento tradicional sobre Bacopa procumbens (Mill.) Small en Huasca de Ocampo, Hidalgo, México

“…La mayoría de las poblaciones humanas en el mundo dependen de la herbolaria como atención primaria de salud, debido al conocimiento, diversidad de plantas medicinales, disponibilidad y eficiencia. En el uso que existe alrededor de este recurso natural, como ejemplo se tiene el caso de Agastache mexicana (Palma-Tenango et al, 2021), además de no presentar problemas de escasez o accesibilidad, en contraste con la medicina moderna (Rhada, Udhayavani, Nagaraj y Sivaranjani, 2021) al momento, sobre todo en los países en desarrollo, donde el 80% de la población hace uso de este recurso para atender necesidades primarias de salud (Prieto-González, Garrido-Garrido, González-Lavaut y Molina-Torres, 2014). Como ejemplo, en la India, se reporta el uso de casi 8,000 plantas utilizadas en la medicina tradicional y cerca de 25 mil formulaciones efectivas basadas en plantas que son usadas en ese país por las comunidades rurales y étnicas (Rhada et al, 2021), México posee una riqueza florística estimada en 30,000 especies (Alanís, Velazco, Foroughbakhch, Valdez y Alvarado, 2004).…”

Modelling plant morphometric parameters as predictors for successful cultivation of some medicinal Agastache species

“…Numerous studies regarding the importance of these medicinal species justifies their cultivation: for ornamental purposes (Lord, 2003;Marchioni et al, 2021), as melliferous plant (Anand et al, 2018;Anand et al, 2019a;Anand et al, 2019b), for foods and drinks (Fuentes-Granados et al, 1998;Carović-Stanko et al, 2016;Quattrocchi, 2016;Najar et al, 2019;Marchioni et al, 2021), for valuable essential oil (Ivanonv et al, 2019;Gonzalez-Ramírez et al, 2021) and for source of specific bioactive compounds (Zielińska and Matkowski, 2014;Quattrocchi, 2016;Hwang et al, 2021). But while biochemical properties have received attention (Kovalenko et al, 2019;Najar et al, 2019;Yeo et al, 2021;Najafi et al, 2022) there is a lack of information that could consolidate technological packages to enable the successful cultivation of species from this genus (Palma-Tenango et al, 2021).…”