A study on the phenology and ecology of the green stink bug Nezara viridula L. (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Abstract

The population of the green stink bug Nezara viridula L. was estimated by conducting periodic survey during the years 1975 and 1976. It was expressed as number per 100 double strokes. Overwintering adults resumed activity by mid of March, and the population attained its maximum by mid of April. The number of adults in either spring or late summer correlated closely with population size of nymphs. All nymphs developing in August produced adults that entered hibernal diapause. The insect had 4 generations in 1975, while only 3 generations were recorded in 1976. The overall sex ratio among field collected bugs was aproximately ♀: ♂, 1: 1. The effect of daily mean temperature, daily mean rel. humidity and day‐length on the population density of the green stink bug was investigated. A positive relationship was found between insect population density and each of daily mean temperature and day lenght, while rel. humidity showed different relations depending on season and year. The partial regression values and the percentages of the explained variance showed that the effect of the three climatic factors was high only in spring. These values also denote that there are other environmental and biological factors that play a great role in the variability of the population dynamic of the green stink bug population particularly during summer. Zusammenfassung Untersuchungen über die Phänologie und Ökologie von Nezara viridula L. (Heteropt.: Pentatomidae) Mittels periodischer Untersuchungen von 1975 bis 1976 wurden die Populationsdichte und ‐Änderungen (bezogen auf 100 Doppelschläge mit dem Käscher) von N. viridula erfaßt. Die überwinternden Adulten nahmen ihre Tätigkeit gegen Mitte März wieder auf. Die Population erreichte ihr Maximum um Mitte April. Die Zahl der Adulten im Frühjahr oder Spätsommer stand mit der Populationsgröße der Nymphen in engem Zusammenhang. Alle noch im August entwikkelten Nymphen ergaben Adulte, die in Winterdiapause gingen. Die Wanze hatte 1975 vier Generationen, 1976 nur drei. Das Geschlechterverhältnis betrug bei den gefangenen Tieren annähernd 1:1. Weiterhin wurden die Beziehungen der täglichen mittleren Temperatur, der täglichen mittleren LF und der Tageslänge zur Populationsdichte der Wanze untersucht. Eine positive Beziehung bestand zwischen der Dichte einerseits und der täglichen Mitteltemperatur bzw. Tageslänge andererseits, während die rel. LF nach Jahr und Saison schwankte. Die statistische Auswertung zeigte, daß die Wirkung der drei genannten abiotischen Faktoren eine wesentliche Rolle in der Populationsdynamik von N. viridula, hauptsächlich während des Sommers, spielen.

Biologia em diferentes temperaturas e exigências térmicas de percevejos pragas da soja. I. Vezara viridula (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

“…A longevidade de N viridula alimentado não foi afetada nas temperaturas estudadas (Tabela 3). Ali et al (1983), obtiveram longevidade maior a25 e 30°C doquea 20°C. Egwuatu & Ani (1986) observaram longevidade maior a 25°C do que a 30°C, com os machos vivendo mais do que as fêmeas em ambas as temperaturas.…”

Seasonal Abundance and Population Structure of Chinavia hilaris and Nezara viridula (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Georgia Farmscapes Containing Corn, Cotton, Peanut, and Soybean

“…Data from this experiment and previous studies indicate that C. hilaris is bivoltine, whereas N.viridula is multivoltine (Alli et al 1979;Sullivan 1981, 1982;Negron and Riley 1987;Todd 1989;Musolin and Numata 2003). N. viridula has progressive generations that show some degree of successful reproduction in all crops, whereas C. hilaris showed only one generation that was simultaneous in cotton and soybean.…”

INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON SURVIVAL AND REPRODUCTION OFNEZARA VIRIDULA(L.) (HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE)

“…In southeastern Queensland green vegetable bugs, Nezara viridula (L.), breed between spring and early autumn and hibernate in winter as non-reproducing adults. During the breeding period, nymphal densities and oviposition are lowest in summer (Velasco 1989), a phenomenon also observed in Egypt (Ali et al 1979). Ali et al (1979) attributed low summer densities to nymphal mortality from exposure to high temperatures (25-28 "C).…”