A simple method for measuring penile length in newborns and infants

Özbey,; Temız, Abdulkerım; Salman, -

doi:10.1046/j.1464-410x.1999.00366.x

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Not all previous studies include information on measurement variation, and there are various techniques available. Many studies have used 'stretched' penile length (10), which has also been reported to have a considerable inter-observer variation (11). We found that the method used in our study was highly acceptable to both children and parents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Postnatal penile length and growth rate correlate to serum testosterone levels: a longitudinal study of 1962 normal boys

et al. 2006

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Objective: Infant boys show a brief activation of their hypothalamic -pituitary -gonadal axis shortly after birth, the physiological significance of which is poorly understood. The objective of the study was to investigate the correlation between endogenous testosterone levels and penile size and growth. Design: Prospective, longitudinal population-based study taking place at two large primary obstetric centres at the University Hospitals of Copenhagen, Denmark, and Turku, Finland. Methods: Infant boys, 728 Danish and 1234 Finnish, underwent clinical examinations at 0, 3, 18 and 36 months in Denmark and at 0, 3 and 18 months in Finland with blood samples taken at 3 months (n ¼ 630). Penile length and growth were registered and reproductive hormones (testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin, oestradiol) were analysed. Results: Penile length increased from birth (3.49^0.4 cm) to 3 years of age (4.53^0.51 cm) with the highest growth velocity from birth to 3 months (1.0 mm/month). Penile length and growth were significantly, positively correlated to serum testosterone (r ¼ 0.31 and 0.076, P ¼ 0.006 and 0.001 respectively) and to free testosterone index (r ¼ 0.385 and 0.094, P ¼ 0.0001 and 0.0001 respectively). Conclusions: We found that endogenous testosterone was significantly associated with penile size and growth rate in infant boys. Thus, the postnatal surge in reproductive hormones appears to be important for genital growth. Our data may serve as an updated reference for normal penile length in Caucasian boys up to 3 years of age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Postnatal penile length and growth rate correlate to serum testosterone levels: a longitudinal study of 1962 normal boys

et al. 2006

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“…However, the SPL method is insufficient at accurately measuring penile length in children with an inconspicuous penis. Another option for penile measurement involves the use of a 10-ml disposable syringe [12,13]. This method eliminates measurement variability caused by a suprapubic fat pad, but it does not involve stretching of the penis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change in Penile Length in Children: Preliminary Study

Lee

et al. 2012

Korean J Urol

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PurposeStudies of penile length in children have been rarely conducted. In Korea, great improvements in height and weight have been observed because of economic development over the past 25 years. We investigated the current status of penile length in Korean children and compared the results with those of a previous Korean study conducted in 1987.Materials and MethodsThe subjects in this study were 233 boys aged 1 to 158 months, each of whom had been brought to outpatient clinics between April and October 2011. Penile length was measured according to the stretched penile length (SPL) technique; testicular size was measured (in ml) by using orchidometry. A comparison of penile lengths between the current study and the 1987 study was made by using Student's t-test.ResultsSPL increased significantly by 0.7 to 1.1 cm in most age groups (p<0.05). Current anthropometric measures of Korean children such as height, body weight, and testicular size have increased compared with those from 1987.ConclusionsPenile length has increased significantly over the last quarter century. Therefore, it is suggested that novel reference values for penile length in prepubertal Korean children be determined in studies with a larger community-based population in order to diagnose and treat size-related penile disorders.

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“…[15] In summary, median SPL measurement of children of diverse races and ethnicities reported in various literature studies has ranged from 2.31 cm to 3.75 cm. [10,[15][16][17][18][19][20] In gold-standard study by Schonfeld and Beebe, [10] mean SPL was 3.75±0.3 cm, while Feldman and Smith [21] and Flatau et al reported mean SPL measurements of 3.5±0.7 cm and 3.5±0.4 cm, respectively. [22] In studies performed in various Asian countries, including Singapore and Saudi Arabia, comparable mean SPLs were obtained.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…[22] In studies performed in various Asian countries, including Singapore and Saudi Arabia, comparable mean SPLs were obtained. [14][15][16][17] However, markedly lower mean SPL has been reported in studies performed on babies born in Indonesia, China, and Japan. [18][19][20] In a study by Fok et al [20] performed with Chinese children, significant correlation was found between SPL and body weight, height, and gestational age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Correlation Between Pelvic Anthropometric Measurements and Penile Length of 250 Turkish Boys Aged 0-5 Years

Akdere¹

2017

South Clin Ist Euras

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Objective: In the present study, stretched penile length (SPL) of children aged 0-60 months was measured and relationship to anthropometric parameters of age, height, weight, interspinous distance, and pubic bone height (PBH) was evaluated. Data obtained were compared with results of similar studies. Methods:Total of 250 boys (age range: 0-60 months) participated in the study. All measurements of SPL, weight, height, interspinous distance, and PBH were conducted by single urologist. These assessments were performed under optimal conditions. Results: Overall mean height of the children was 55.82±3.22 cm, mean weight was 4729.08±54.23 g, mean interspinous distance was 12.757±1.21 cm, mean PBH was 2.56±0.46 cm, and mean SPL was 2.69±0.57 cm. Relationship between SPL and age, weight, height, and interspinous distance was statistically significant (r=0. 240, p=0.001; r=0.242, p=0.001; r=0.204, p=0.006; r=0.224, p=0.002, respectively). Relationship between SPL and PBH was not statistically significant (r=0.97, p=0.191). Conclusion:Correct evaluation of penis size abnormality requires both knowledge of age and origin-specific average SPL values and analysis of these data. Present study provides current reference values for Caucasian boys aged 0-60 months. When combined with anthropometric measurements, these data may be beneficial to clinicians in diagnosis and treatment process.

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A simple method for measuring penile length in newborns and infants

Cited by 28 publications

References 8 publications

Postnatal penile length and growth rate correlate to serum testosterone levels: a longitudinal study of 1962 normal boys

Postnatal penile length and growth rate correlate to serum testosterone levels: a longitudinal study of 1962 normal boys

Change in Penile Length in Children: Preliminary Study

Investigation of the Correlation Between Pelvic Anthropometric Measurements and Penile Length of 250 Turkish Boys Aged 0-5 Years

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