Objective: In the present study, stretched penile length (SPL) of children aged 0-60 months was measured and relationship to anthropometric parameters of age, height, weight, interspinous distance, and pubic bone height (PBH) was evaluated. Data obtained were compared with results of similar studies. Methods:Total of 250 boys (age range: 0-60 months) participated in the study. All measurements of SPL, weight, height, interspinous distance, and PBH were conducted by single urologist. These assessments were performed under optimal conditions. Results: Overall mean height of the children was 55.82±3.22 cm, mean weight was 4729.08±54.23 g, mean interspinous distance was 12.757±1.21 cm, mean PBH was 2.56±0.46 cm, and mean SPL was 2.69±0.57 cm. Relationship between SPL and age, weight, height, and interspinous distance was statistically significant (r=0. 240, p=0.001; r=0.242, p=0.001; r=0.204, p=0.006; r=0.224, p=0.002, respectively). Relationship between SPL and PBH was not statistically significant (r=0.97, p=0.191). Conclusion:Correct evaluation of penis size abnormality requires both knowledge of age and origin-specific average SPL values and analysis of these data. Present study provides current reference values for Caucasian boys aged 0-60 months. When combined with anthropometric measurements, these data may be beneficial to clinicians in diagnosis and treatment process.
This study aims to evaluate the effect of intended correction on early visual acuity after small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). Methods: Medical records of patients who underwent SMILE for surgical correction of myopia were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with preoperative visual acuity ≥1.0 and spherical equivalent (SE) of manifest refractive error within ≤±025 D of emmetropia at 1 month were included in the study. The group with low myopia (Group 1, SE <3 D) was compared to the group with moderate to high myopia (Group 2, SE >3 D). The main outcome measure was the corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) at 1-day, 1-week, and 1-month visits. Results: The mean attempted SE was-2.49±0.35 D and-4.65±1.29 D in Groups 1 and 2, respectively. There was no statistically significant correlation between the intended correction and CDVA at 1 day, 1 week, or 1 month. At 1 day postoperation, 33% and 8% of eyes in Groups 1 and 2 lost two or more lines of CDVA, respectively (p=0.026). No patients lost two or more lines at 1 month. Conclusion: The loss of two or more lines of CDVA after SMILE in the early postoperative period was more common among patients who had low myopia preoperatively. CDVA improved during the first month after SMILE.
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