A review of nitrogen translocation and nitrogen-use efficiency

Xing, Yingying; Jiang, Wenting; He, Xiaolong; Fiaz, Sajid; Ahmad, Shakeel; Lei, Xin Jian; Wang, Wenqiang; Wang, Yanfeng; Wang, Xiukang

doi:10.1080/01904167.2019.1656247

Cited by 33 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 166 publications

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“…The decisive role of N in crop yield has led to excessive use of NO 3 − in agriculture over decades generating serious environmental problems like water pollution, which is harmful to people and nature (Nitrates Directive, 1991;Kant et al, 2011). In addition, when the application rate of NO 3 − exceeds the plant growth needs, overaccumulation of NO 3 − in leaves reduces the nutritional quality of crops (Prasad and Chetty, 2008;Xing et al, 2019). Many large-leaved plants such as beets, cabbage, celery, lettuce, or spinach tend to store huge amounts of NO 3 − (MAFF, 1998), posing a serious risk to human health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloride Improves Nitrate Utilization and NUE in Plants

et al. 2020

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Chloride (Cl − ) has traditionally been considered harmful to agriculture because of its toxic effects in saline soils and its antagonistic interaction with nitrate (NO 3 − ), which impairs NO 3 − nutrition. It has been largely believed that Cl − antagonizes NO 3 − uptake and accumulation in higher plants, reducing crop yield. However, we have recently uncovered that Cl − has new beneficial macronutrient functions that improve plant growth, tissue water balance, plant water relations, photosynthetic performance, and water-use efficiency. The increased plant biomass indicates in turn that Cl − may also improve nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Considering that N availability is a bottleneck for the growth of land plants excessive NO 3 − fertilization frequently used in agriculture becomes a major environmental concern worldwide, causing excessive leaf NO 3 − accumulation in crops such as vegetables, which poses a potential risk to human health. New farming practices aimed to enhance plant NUE by reducing NO 3 − fertilization should promote a healthier and more sustainable agriculture. Given the strong interaction between Cl − and NO 3 − homeostasis in plants, we have verified if indeed Cl − affects NO 3 − accumulation and NUE in plants. For the first time to our knowledge, we provide a direct demonstration which shows that Cl − , contrary to impairing NO 3 − nutrition, facilitates NO 3 − utilization and improves NUE in plants. This is largely due to Cl − improvement of the N-NO 3 − utilization efficiency (NU T E), having little or moderate effect on N-NO 3 − uptake efficiency (NU P E) when NO 3 − is used as the sole N source. Clear positive correlations between leaf Cl − content vs. NUE/NU T E or plant growth have been established at both intra-and interspecies levels. Optimal NO 3 − vs. Cl − ratios become a useful tool to increase crop yield and quality, agricultural sustainability and to reduce the negative ecological impact of NO 3 − on the environment and on human health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloride Improves Nitrate Utilization and NUE in Plants

et al. 2020

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“…AMF can also access organic nitrogen in soil (Chen et al, 2018;Bukovská et al, 2018;Hestrin et al, 2019) and its extended hyphae increases the absorption area of the plant roots (Wiedenhoeft, 2006). Moreover, AMF rapidly assimilate ammonia and nitrate into amino acids (Chen et al, 2018) and then translocated to the host plant (Xing et al, 2019). Thus, AMF increases the utilization of N by plants (Verzeaux et al, 2017;Vadeboncoeur et al, 2015, Mollavali et al, 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foliar Applications of Nano Chitosan-Urea and Inoculation with Mycorrhiza on Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea Var. Gongylodes, L.)

Shams

2019

Journal of Plant Production

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The current research aims at producing high kohlrabi knob yield with better quality traits using nanochitosan-urea (versus urea) as a foliar spray in presence of mycorrhiza (AMF) as plant inoculants either solely or in combinations with each other. This investigation was carried out under the field conditions for two successive seasons (2015/2016 and 2016/2017). In this concern, microrrhizal inoculations were set up in the main plots whereas the foliar application of nano-urea was arranged in the sub-plots, comprising 5 treatments, i.e. spray with water, spray with ordinary urea at a rate of 1500 mg N L-1 , spray with nano-urea at rates of 500 mg N L-1 , 1000 mg N L-1 , and 1500 mg N L-1 (designated U0, U1, U2, U3, and U4 respectively). Generally, spraying kohlrabi plants with different urea forms increased significantly the studied vegetative growth parameters as well as the yield quantity and quality traits in the following order U4>U1=U3>U2>U0. Likewise inoculating plants with AMF improved significantly the investigated growth parameters and yield components. It seems that inoculating plants with AMF did not affect significantly the above-mentioned growth parameters and yield components when plants sprayed with nano-chitosan-urea at a rate of 1500 mg N L-1. Thus, spraying plants with 1000 mg N L-1 as nano chitosan-urea together with plant inoculation with AMF (U3M1) is the recommended solution to cut off the inputs of chemical N fertilizers by 33.3% as this integrated treatments recorded comparable results with the ones attained for the application of the full dose of urea.

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“…Dentro do ecossistema de pastagem, existe um fluxo de massa e energia que mantém o sistema em equilíbrio, através de fatores fisiológicos como regulação hormonal e distribuição de fotoassimilados (Taiz et al, 2017). Ademais, de acordo com Xing et al (2019), o direcionamento desses fluxos depende de todos os fatores envolvidos no ecossistema de forragem, o qual influenciará na estrutura final do dossel.…”

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“…As pastagens inseridas no sistema de produção pecuária estão em desfolhações constantes, e a estratégia de manejo do pastejo permite definir a intensidade e frequência que a forragem será pastejada. Neste sentido, visando a recuperação da área foliar pastejada, a planta utiliza todos os recursos disponíveis, principalmente reservas orgânicas, a fim de reestabelecer sua capacidade fotossintética, através do acúmulo de folhas (Xu et al, 2017;Xing et al, 2019). Assim, a perenidade das plantas forrageiras depende de sua capacidade de rebrota após sucessivas desfolhações, mantendo a produtividade do dossel forrageiro (Volenec e Nelson, 2020).…”

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Fatores que afetam as características morfogênicas e estruturais de plantas forrageiras

Cruz

Pires

Fries

et al. 2021

RSD

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Objetivou-se com esta revisão abordar os principais fatores que afetam as características morfogênicas e estruturais de plantas forrageiras. Dentro do sistema agropecuário brasileiro, predomina-se a criação de animais a pasto. Devido às condições favoráveis do território nacional, é possível produzir diversas espécies de plantas forrageiras. Neste sentido, o entendimento do comportamento do ecossistema de forragem frente às variações dos recursos naturais se torna uma ferramenta capaz de auxiliar na elaboração de metas de manejo sustentáveis. A morfogênese é utilizada para mensurar o aparecimento e expansão dos órgãos vegetais através do fluxo de tecidos que ocorrem dentro do dossel forrageiro. De maneira geral, as características estruturais de um dossel forrageiro dependem das características morfogênicas da espécie, que são determinadas geneticamente. No entanto, essas caraterísticas sofrem influência direta de fatores abióticos e bióticos que alteram o padrão de crescimento dessas plantas. Ademais, através da avaliação dos processos morfogenéticos envolvidos no ecossistema de pastagem, é possível elaborar metas de manejo sustentável do dossel forrageiro, contribuindo para elevar a produtividade dos sistemas agropecuários do Brasil.

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A review of nitrogen translocation and nitrogen-use efficiency

Cited by 33 publications

References 166 publications

Chloride Improves Nitrate Utilization and NUE in Plants

Chloride Improves Nitrate Utilization and NUE in Plants

Foliar Applications of Nano Chitosan-Urea and Inoculation with Mycorrhiza on Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea Var. Gongylodes, L.)

Fatores que afetam as características morfogênicas e estruturais de plantas forrageiras

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