A Review of Methods for Removal of Contaminants in Used Lubricating Oil

Abstract

Management and disposing of used lubricating oil (ULO) poses deleterious effects to air, land and water pollution. These contaminants not only causes environmental problems, they also have bio-accumulation effects on living organisms, reduces the inhabitants lifespan as a result of the diseases spread, poisoning and fouling of catalyst as well as corrode processing equipment. The contaminants removal in used lubricating oil is a major step to avoid pollution as discussed thoroughly by many researchers in literature. In addition, to curbing pollution, another advantage is converting waste to wealth. This review paper presents insight into various methods for removal of contaminants in used lubricating oil. The advantages and drawbacks of each method were earmarked for further study.

Waste Mineral Oils Re-Refining With Physicochemical Methods

“…Saturated hydrocarbons (30 to 70%), aromatic hydrocarbons polyaromatic (20 to 40%), polar compounds (5 to 25%) and asphalt based (0 to 10%). Waste oil also contains metal toxic metal pollutants (Pb, Hg, Zn, Cd, As and persistent organic pollutants PCB, PCT (Ouffoue, 2013;Boadu, 2019). In our country, waste oils are recovered according to the Regulation on Control of Waste Oils published by the Ministry of Environment (Resmî gazete, 2008).…”

Experimental assessment of regenerated lube oil in spark-ignition engine for sustainable environment

“…In the experimentation, the deteriorated lube oil was regenerated using MEINKEN technology due to its simplicity, lower initial investment and lower operating cost. 34 First, deteriorated oil was allowed to settle for 24 h. This allowed sedimentation of dirt, metal chips and other heavy materials mixed in oil. After 24 h, oil was filtered, and 300 mL of deteriorated oil was heated up to 45°C using magnetic stirrer with continuous stirring in the glass beaker to remove water and light hydrocarbons.…”

Proposta de melhoria no processo de logística reversa dos óleos lubrificantes usados ou contaminados

“…Por conter inúmeros elementos tóxicos (como chumbo, cromo, cádmio e arsênio), provenientes da fórmula original e oriundos do próprio motor ou equipamento, o óleo lubrificante usado ou contaminado é considerado um resíduo altamente perigoso, tanto por fazer mal à saúde humana quanto por trazer riscos ao meio ambiente (DEMAJOROVIC; SENCOVICI, 2015;PINHEIRO et al, 2017;BOADU et al, 2019;MACHADO;FERES;GONÇALVES, 2019…”

“…Automóveis, ônibus, caminhões, barcos, trens, entre outros tipos de meios de transportes, têm algo em comum: dependem da lubrificação, principalmente na parte dos motores, para o perfeito funcionamento. Os responsáveis por essa função são os óleos lubrificantes (COMPER; SOUZA; CHAVES, 2016;BOADU et al, 2019;MACHADO;FERES;GONÇALVES, 2019).…”

“…O rerrefino é a reintegração das propriedades iniciais dos óleos lubrificantes, possibilitando a recuperação entre 80% e 85% de óleo básico e servindo de matéria-prima novamente para novos produtos (BOADU et al, 2019;BHONGADE;PATIL;BHARGAVA, 2019). Porém, para que esse processo seja feito, é necessária a implementação da logística reversa, importante instrumento para gerenciar resíduos perigosos, de maneira a propiciar a reutilização de seus componentes ou uma destinação apropriada (COMPER; SOUZA; CHAVES, 2016;MACHADO;FERES;GONÇALVES, 2019;BANIHASHEMI;FEI;CHEN, 2019).…”