A review of disaster and crisis

Abstract

A disaster and a crisis are two different, and related events. The two terms are sometimes used interchangeably. Man-made disaster that occurs at an industrial organization, may develop into an industrial crisis. Crisis can happen to any organization. It has been noted that there were no universally accepted definitions yet developed for disaster and crisis. There is also no universally available criteria, to define the disaster in terms of the consequences, such as the casualties and the cost of damage. This paper reviews the definitions, types, characteristics, criteria and models of disaster and crisis. Also the types of crisis were rearranged and the differences between the disasters and crises have been summarized.

Heroes and Villains – Tour Operator and Media Response to Crisis: An Exploration of Press Handling Strategies by UK Adventure Tour Operators

“…A recent paper from Shaluf et al (2003) suggests there is no universally accepted definition of crisis. However Faulkner (2001: 137) cites Keller and Al-Madhari who have applied quantifiable benchmark figures: '.…”

The influences of knowledge exchange on organizational c-commerce success and crisis readiness: The case of the crisis of an automobile manufacturing and merchandising group

“…Consequently, future research may examine the proposed research model or its extension in the context of various types of crises that have different characteristics with reference to the crisis categorization frameworks or typologies in the existing CM literature [7,65].…”

Stakeholders and Their Significance in Post Natural Disaster Reconstruction Projects: A Systematic Review of the Literature

“…), (ii) transport (air, road, water or rail crash or accidents) and (iii) miscellaneous accidents (collapse of domestic/non-industrial structure, explosions, fires) (Moe & Pathranarakul, 2006;Tun Lin, Fritz, Stefan, & Marc, 2007;UNISDR, 2002). Disasters and crisis are two different but often related events (Shaluf & Said, 2003). The magnitude of a crisis may be lower than disasters but still affects the core functioning of business systems while disasters result in significant human suffering (Warren, 2010).…”

“…The magnitude of a crisis may be lower than disasters but still affects the core functioning of business systems while disasters result in significant human suffering (Warren, 2010). Various types of disasters are mentioned in the literature, however, the most generic classification of disasters are (i) natural and (ii) man-made disasters (Shaluf & Said, 2003). Shaluf and Said (2003) further described natural disasters as having no human control, whereas man-made disasters are triggered by human, organizational, infrastructural and technical factors (ibid, 2003) and include infrastructure collapse, explosions, fire, chemical spills, radiation, gas leaks, poisoning (Coleman, 2006).…”

“…Various types of disasters are mentioned in the literature, however, the most generic classification of disasters are (i) natural and (ii) man-made disasters (Shaluf & Said, 2003). Shaluf and Said (2003) further described natural disasters as having no human control, whereas man-made disasters are triggered by human, organizational, infrastructural and technical factors (ibid, 2003) and include infrastructure collapse, explosions, fire, chemical spills, radiation, gas leaks, poisoning (Coleman, 2006). Natural disasters are hitting humankind more frequently than ever before (Hayles, 2010;Shafique & Warren, 2015;Warren, 2010) and physical and financial losses from disasters are rising exponentially (Khan & Rahman, 2007).…”