A quantitative method for the analysis of xanthine alkaloids inPaullinia cupana (guarana) by capillary column gas chromatography

Pagliarussi, Renata Sanches; Freitas, Luís Alexandre Pedro de; Bastos, Jairo Kenupp

doi:10.1002/1615-9314(20020401)25:5/6<371::aid-jssc371>3.0.co;2-9

Cited by 82 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The bromatological and chemical composition of the guarana was published elsewhere (Fukumasu et al , 2006b). Caffeine quantification in the guarana sample was performed according to Pagliarussi and co‐workers (Pagliarussi et al , 2002) and reached 1.02% of the dry matter. Briefly, 50 mg of the P. cupana seed extract was dissolved in 10 mL of absolute ethanol containing 0.1 mg/mL of internal control (7‐(2‐Hydroxyethyl) theophylline) and submitted to constant agitation for 2 h. Then the material was filtered and 1 µL of the sample was injected in a gas‐chromatograph coupled with a nitrogen/phosphorus detector (GC/DNP).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthopalladated and ‐platinated Bulky Triarylphosphite Complexes: Synthesis, Reactivity and Application as High‐Activity Catalysts for Suzuki and Stille Coupling Reactions

Bedford

Hazelwood

Limmert

et al. 2003

Chemistry A European J

134

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Bulky triarylphosphite ligands undergo facile orthometallation reactions with palladium and platinum precursors. The crystal structure of an example of the resultant palladacycles has been determined. The reactivity of some of the metallacycles with HCl, monodentate and bidentate phosphines and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate has been investigated, and the crystal structure of a diethyldithiocarbamate adduct of a palladacycle is presented. The palladacyclic complexes prove to be extremely active catalysts for the Suzuki coupling of aryl bromides with aryl boronic acids. They can also be used as catalysts for the coupling of alkylboronic acids. Meanwhile di- and trialkyl phosphine adducts of one of the palladacycles shows very high activity in the Suzuki coupling of aryl chlorides and can also be used to good effect for the Stille coupling of these substrates. The role of the phosphite ligand in the Suzuki coupling of aryl chlorides seems to be one of increasing catalyst longevity by stabilisation of the Pd(0) resting state.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthopalladated and ‐platinated Bulky Triarylphosphite Complexes: Synthesis, Reactivity and Application as High‐Activity Catalysts for Suzuki and Stille Coupling Reactions

Bedford

Hazelwood

Limmert

et al. 2003

Chemistry A European J

134

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“…5 times higher than that found in a Coffea arabica bean (Figure 1) (Weckerle et al, 2003;Pagliarussi et al, 2002;Baumann et al, 1995). Tannins are classified into condensed tannins, based on a flavonoid framework, and hydrolysable tannins, which are essentially galloyl esters of glucose.…”

Section: Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Paullinia cupana Kunth (Sapindaceae): A review of its ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology

Hamerski¹,

Somner²,

Tamaio³

2013

J. Med. Plants Res.

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In Western markets, the extract from the seeds of Paullinia cupana Kunth, Sapindaceae, popularly known as Guaraná, is most commonly used in high-energy foods and drinks and dietary supplements. However, a broad spectrum of medicinal activities is reported for P. cupana, ranging from stimulation of the central nervous system, in cases of physical or mental stress, to appetite suppression. It can also be used as an aphrodisiac and a treatment for impotence, as well as a medication to reduce fever, stimulate metabolism, induce antiplatelet, antioxidant and antibacterial activites. In addtition, P. cupana has been used in cosmetic preparations, and it has become a popular soft drink in Brazil. In the last two decades, Guaraná has emerged as a key ingredient in various sports and high-energy drinks. Methylxanthines, including caffeine, cathechins, theophylline and theobromine, and tannins are compounds which are reported for this plant. This article reviews the most up-to-date information on the botanical, chemical and pharmacological aspects of P. cupana extract, as well as its miscellaneous uses.

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“…[12] Spectrophotometric method is known for its simplicity, sensitivity, and rapid determination. This method is based on the reaction of alkaloid with bromocresol green (BCG), forming a yellow colored product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of total alkaloid in Chitrakadivati by UV-Spectrophotometer

Ajanal¹,

Gundkalle²,

Nayak³

2012

Ancient Sci Life

110

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Background:Herbal formulation standardization by adopting newer technique is need of the hour in the field of Ayurvedic pharmaceutical industry. As very few reports exist. These kind of studies would certainly widen the herbal research area. Chitrakadivati is one such popular herbal formulation used in Ayurveda. Many of its ingredients are known for presence of alkaloids.Methodology:Presence of alkaloid was tested qualitatively by Dragondroff's method then subjected to quantitative estimation by UV-Spectrophotometer. This method is based on the reaction between alkaloid and bromocresol green (BCG).Results and Conclusion:Study discloses that out of 16 ingredients, 9 contain alkaloid. Chitrakadivati has shown 0.16% of concentration of alkaloid and which is significantly higher than it's individual ingredients.

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A quantitative method for the analysis of xanthine alkaloids inPaullinia cupana (guarana) by capillary column gas chromatography

Cited by 82 publications

References 6 publications

Orthopalladated and ‐platinated Bulky Triarylphosphite Complexes: Synthesis, Reactivity and Application as High‐Activity Catalysts for Suzuki and Stille Coupling Reactions

Orthopalladated and ‐platinated Bulky Triarylphosphite Complexes: Synthesis, Reactivity and Application as High‐Activity Catalysts for Suzuki and Stille Coupling Reactions

Paullinia cupana Kunth (Sapindaceae): A review of its ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology

Estimation of total alkaloid in Chitrakadivati by UV-Spectrophotometer

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