A qualitative assessment of entrepreneurship amidst COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan

Nasar, Asim; Akram, Muhammad; Safdar, Muhammad Rizwan; Akbar, Muhammad Siddique

doi:10.1016/j.apmrv.2021.08.001

Cited by 38 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…In general, however, people in Pakistan have an income greater than 50,000 Pakistani rupees. This discrepancy may be due to impact of COVID-19, with many individuals experiencing job loss or a decrease in their salaries (Nasar et al, 2021 ). Furthermore, the majority of respondents had five to 10 family members in the household.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An extension of the theory of planned behavior to understand factors influencing Pakistani households’ energy-saving intentions and behavior: a mediated–moderated model

2022

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This study aims to explore the factors influencing households’ intentions and actual behavior in relation to saving energy. This study is based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), extending it by adding descriptive norms and moral responsibility. An online survey was administered to collect data from randomly selected households and data analysis was run using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The research findings reveal the positive and significant effect of TPB factors (attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control) and the extended factors (descriptive norms and moral responsibility) on households’ intention to save energy, as well as the significant effect of perceived behavior control, moral responsibility, and intention on household’s energy-saving behavior. This study also evidences the significant mediating and moderating role of households’ intention to save energy and moral responsibility. This study’s model explains 70.5% of variations in households’ intention to save energy and 63.1% of variations in households’ energy-saving behavior. In particular, the extended model explains 11.6% more of the variation in households’ intention to save energy compared to the TPB model. This research has several theoretical and practical implications for scholars, environmental protection agencies, and policy-makers.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An extension of the theory of planned behavior to understand factors influencing Pakistani households’ energy-saving intentions and behavior: a mediated–moderated model

2022

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“…Globally, vaccination is still challenging for the population ( Su et al, 2021a , b ). Hence, lockdown strategy and restrictions on the movement are the significant factors affecting entrepreneurial activity ( Aqeel et al, 2021 ; Nasar et al, 2021 ; Yoosefi Lebni et al, 2021 ; Rahmat et al, 2022 ). It triggered unexpected crises and changed the order of routine life and the business world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women’s Entrepreneurial Contribution to Family Income: Innovative Technologies Promote Females’ Entrepreneurship Amid COVID-19 Crisis

et al. 2022

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Women entrepreneurs innovate, initiate, engage, and run business enterprises to contribute the domestic development. Women entrepreneurs think and start taking risks of operating enterprises and combine various factors involved in production to deal with the uncertain business environment. Entrepreneurship and technological innovation play a crucial role in developing the economy by creating job opportunities, improving skills, and executing new ideas. It has a significant impact on the income of the household. The study focused on investigating the role of women’s entrepreneurship and innovation technologies in contributing to household income in the challenging situation of the pandemic COVID-19. The paper emphasized identifying the determinants of female entrepreneurial contribution toward household income. This study collected data from selected rural and urban areas of district Faisalabad through a self-administered questionnaire. Investigators interviewed female entrepreneurs and chose them through the snowball sampling technique from a population of purposively selected female-run businesses. Interviews were conducted with women entrepreneurs to gather relevant information for the survey investigation at their workplaces and home. The effects of various factors, including age, education, family size, income from other sources, time allocated to entrepreneurial activity, firm size, and location (rural/urban) were estimated empirically using an ordered logit model. The study findings exhibited a positive and significant role of respondents’ education, family size, time allocated to entrepreneurial activities, and firm size. The survey outcomes also indicated that the contribution of entrepreneurial income to household income in the rural areas is significantly higher than that in urban areas. This study signifies that regulations against gender discrimination in public and private institutions are helpful. Besides, encouraging an environment for entrepreneurial culture among women in the country would increase family income. The study’s findings and policy implications directly link to Sustainable Development Goal (SDGs) 5 of Gender Equality (GE) and SDG 8 related to decent work and economic growth.

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“…The epidemiological problem appeared towards the end of 2019 and quickly impacted societies and economies (Parnell et al, 2020;Ratten, 2020). The pandemic turned out to have a negative impact on newly-forming enterprises, especially from the developing countries, where the governmental support is limited (Nasar, Akram, Safdar, and Akbar, 2021). The academic literature pointed towards the fear factor as a significant ratio limiting entrepreneurial activity of potential and emerging entrepreneurs (Li, 2011;Morgan and Sisak, 2016).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Establishment of New Businesses as a Seasonal Phenomenon: A Polish Example

Jegorow¹,

Paździor²,

Marzec³

et al. 2021

ERSJ

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Purpose:The aim of the article is to analyse the phenomenon of seasonality in the context of registration of new economic entities in the form of a sole proprietorship based on the data from the Central Registration and Information on Business (CEIDG) in the years 2012-2021. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research method and tools applied in the article are subordinated to the identification of the occurence of statistically significant differences between average values of numbers of applications filed with CEIDG in the assumption category on a month-to-month basis. As part of the research process post hoc tests, preceded by the one-way analysis of variance, ANOVA, were used. Due to the imperfection of statistical tests and the nature of deterministic methods for the verification of the research hypothesis the Kruskal-Wallis was also used. The ANOVA was preceded by the verification of meeting the distribution normality criterion (by means of the Kolmogorowv-Smirnov test and the Shapiro-Wilk test) and of the variance uniformity (the Levine test). Findings: A stable economic situation in a macroeconomic aspect together with an unchanging regulatory, economic and financial, technical and organisational as well as market environment translates to a statistical repeatability of market behaviours. In this context, a projection of the number of applications filed with CEIDG including seasonal fluctuations was developed. Practical Implications: The knowledge of seasonality in terms of undertaking economic activity may prove helpful in selecting the right economic policy tools, in organising entrepreneur administrative service processes as well as useful for companies providing outsourcing services (inter alia, within the scope of marketing, bookkeeping and human resources service or recapitalisation) for new businesses. Originality/Value: This type of analyses have not been conducted to date on such a wide and diversified time spectre. In addition, the situation related to the COVID-19 pandemic, and to be exact, the observation of correlation between future decisions of entrepreneurs with respect to continuing or establishing business activity and a specified seasonality also seems extremely significant.

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A qualitative assessment of entrepreneurship amidst COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan

Cited by 38 publications

References 34 publications

An extension of the theory of planned behavior to understand factors influencing Pakistani households’ energy-saving intentions and behavior: a mediated–moderated model

An extension of the theory of planned behavior to understand factors influencing Pakistani households’ energy-saving intentions and behavior: a mediated–moderated model

Women’s Entrepreneurial Contribution to Family Income: Innovative Technologies Promote Females’ Entrepreneurship Amid COVID-19 Crisis

The Establishment of New Businesses as a Seasonal Phenomenon: A Polish Example

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