A pilot study assessing the association between paraoxonase 1 gene polymorphism and prostate cancer

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to show the relationship between paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene polymorphism and the development of prostate cancer (PCa). Material and methods:We investigated the association of single nuclotide polymorphisms of PON1 enzyme with the development of PCa risk. A total of 147 male patients were divided into PCa, and control groups. The control group was also divided into two subgroups according to serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels as non PCa-high PSA (>4 ng/mL) and non PCa-low PSA (≤4 ng/mL) groups. Results:The mean ages of the patients were 64.81 years, 63.27 years and 64.22 years in PCa group, non PCalow PSA and non PCa -high PSA groups, respectively. The mean PSA levels were 10.9 ng/mL, 1.16 ng/mL and 6.63 ng/mL for PCa group, non PCa -low PSA and non PCa -high PSA groups, respectively. In terms of PON1 polymorphisms and allele frequencies, there were no statistically significant differences between PCa and control groups. There was not a statistically significant difference between PCa and non PCa-high PSA groups as for genotypic and allelic frequencies. As a result of this small sample sized hypothetical study of polymorphism, a relationship could not be detected between PCa development and PON1 gene polymorphism. Conclusion:According to the results of this preliminary study, it is thought that more comprehensive future studies are necessary to clarify the possible role of PON1 gene polymorphism in the etiology of PCa.

The Association between PON1 (Q192R and L55M) Gene Polymorphisms and Risk of Cancer: A Meta-Analysis Based on 43 Studies

“…Moreover, there were 43 studies with 11412 cases and 13936 controls for PON1-Q192R polymorphism (Table 1), and, for PON1 L55M polymorphism, 28 studies involved a total of 8565 cases and 9996 controls (Table 2). For PON1 Q192R polymorphism, a total of 8 cancer types were processed, including breast cancer [21, 27, 31, 32, 37, 39, 50], prostate cancer [22, 23, 40, 41], gastrointestinal cancer [19, 20, 48, 59, 60], hematologic tumor [25, 29, 33, 44], lung cancer [11, 12, 54], brain tumors [30, 35, 38, 45, 56, 57], ovarian cancer [34, 43] and other cancers [13, 26, 28, 42, 53, 58] (uterine leiomyoma, childhood embryonal tumors, metastatic gastric cancer, bladder cancer, and renal cell cancer). Besides, we disposed a total of 7 cancer types when dealing with PON1-L55M polymorphism nearly like PON1 Q192R polymorphism.…”

“…Furthermore, several variants of PON1, including Q192R and L55M, have been found to be a biologically reasonable candidate which has an obvious influence on cancer. PON1 (Q192R and L55M) gene polymorphisms were related to many types of cancer, such as breast, prostate, and hepatocellular carcinoma [20, 50, 63]. For instance, PON1-L55M polymorphism may increase the risk in multiple cancer types, such as prostate and breast cancers but decrease renal cell carcinoma and ovarian cancer risk.…”