A Personality typology of smokers

Patton, David; Barnes, Gordon E.; Murray, Robert P.

doi:10.1016/s0306-4603(96)00004-4

Cited by 44 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…1 In the present study, the strong negative association (inverse) found between tobacco consumption and the O scale of CPS was remarkable. Another recent study developed in Brazil also detected an inverse association between tobacco and this scale.…”

Section: Smokers X Non-smokerssupporting

confidence: 51%

“…Parkes, 44 for example, says that interactions between N and E, and between N and P, could underlie inconsistent findings. On the other hand, Patton et al 1 suggest that comparisons between the scores of smokers and non-smokers usually do not reach statistical significance when at least one of these groups has heterogeneous characteristics.…”

Section: Smokers X Non-smokersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different people have different reasons to smoke and individual variables and situational factors may influence them simultaneously. 1 The authors suggest that there are two types of situation that trigger the desire to smoke. One comprises boring situations, which produce a need to increase cortical stimulation.…”

Section: Smokers X Non-smokersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Most of works published in the last decades have been carried out using the theoretical model proposed by Eysenck. 2 According to his approach, there are three prevailing personality traits associated to tobacco consumption: extraversion (E), neuroticism (N) and psychoticism (P).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Um estudo comparativo entre características de personalidade de universitários fumantes, ex-fumantes e não-fumantes

Rondina

Gorayeb

Botelho

et al. 2005

Rev. psiquiatr. Rio Gd. Sul

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INTRODUÇÃO: O estudo da relação entre personalidade e tabagismo pode subsidiar o tratamento da dependência. OBJETIVOS: Identificar características de personalidade de fumantes, ex-fumantes e não-fumantes. MÉTODO: Foram selecionados 1.245 estudantes matriculados na Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso. Foi aplicado um questionário padronizado para levantamento do perfil sociodemográfico e padrão de consumo de tabaco dos estudantes, seguido pela versão revisada das Escalas Comrey de Personalidade (CPS). Utilizou-se a análise de variância ANOVA para comparação dos escores de fumantes, ex-fumantes e não-fumantes no CPS e duas análises de regressão logística múltipla para avaliar as associações entre os escores do CPS e tabagismo. RESULTADOS: Foi encontrada prevalência de 6,67% de fumantes, 6,58% de ex-fumantes e 86,73% de não-fumantes. A primeira análise de regressão logística detectou associação positiva entre a categoria fumante e os escores nas escalas de masculinidade (M) e tendenciosidade (R) e associação inversa com a escala de ordem x falta de compulsão (O) do CPS. A segunda detectou associação negativa da categoria ex-fumante com os escores obtidos em R e M e positiva com a escala de atividade x falta de energia (A) do CPS. DISCUSSÃO: Fumantes foram mais tendenciosos e adotaram mais o estereótipo social da masculinidade em relação a não-fumantes e ex-fumantes. Fumantes se descreveram mais como descuidados, relaxados, imprudentes, não-sistemáticos e pouco asseados em comparação aos não-fumantes. Ex-fumantes apresentaram mais vigor, energia e disposição em relação aos fumantes. Supõe-se que esses resultados possam subsidiar programas de tratamento da dependência nicotínica.

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Section: Smokers X Non-smokerssupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Smokers X Non-smokersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Smokers X Non-smokersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Um estudo comparativo entre características de personalidade de universitários fumantes, ex-fumantes e não-fumantes

Rondina

Gorayeb

Botelho

et al. 2005

Rev. psiquiatr. Rio Gd. Sul

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“…[192][193][194][195] Given the well-established role of genetics in personality there is growing interest in identifying specific genetic variants that may be implicated in personality traits. 190,196 An early, much studied and highly debated finding is the association of novelty seeking, with a functional variant in the DA D4 receptor gene.…”

Section: General Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential contribution of genetic variation in multiple brain nicotinic cholinergic receptors to nicotine dependence: recent progress and emerging open questions

Greenbaum¹,

Lerer²

2009

Mol Psychiatry

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Nicotine dependence (ND), a major public health challenge, is a complex, multifactorial behavior, in which both genetic and environmental factors have a role. Brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)-encoding genes are among the most prominent candidate genes studied in the context of ND, because of their biological relevance as binding sites for nicotine. Until recently, most research on the role of nAChRs in ND has focused on two of these genes (encoding the a4-and b2-subunits) and not much attention has been paid to the possible contribution of the other nine brain nAChR subunit genes (a2-a3, a5-a7, a9-a10, b3-b4) to the pathophysiology and genetics of ND. This situation has changed dramatically in the last 2 years during which intensive research had addressed the issue, mainly from the genetics perspective, and has shown the importance of the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 and CHRNA6-CHRNB3 loci in ND-related phenotypes. In this review, we highlight recent findings regarding the contribution of non-a4/b2-subunit containing nAChRs to ND, based on several lines of evidence: (1) human genetics studies (including linkage analysis, candidate-gene association studies and whole-genome association studies) of several ND-related phenotypes; (2) differential pharmacological and biochemical properties of receptors containing these subunits; (3) evidence from genetically manipulated mice; and (4) the contribution of nAChR genes to ND-related personality traits and neurocognitive profiles. Combining neurobiological genetic and behavioral perspectives, we suggest that genetic susceptibility to ND is not linked to one or two specific nAChR subtype genes but to several. In particular, the a3, a5-6 and b3-4 nAChR subunit-encoding genes may play a much more pivotal role in the neurobiology and genetics of ND than was appreciated earlier. At the functional level, variants in these subunit genes (most likely regulatory) may have independent as well as interactive contributions to the ND phenotype spectrum. We address methodological challenges in the field, highlight open questions and suggest possible pathways for future research.

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Personality traits, health behavior, and risk for cancer

Hansen

Floderus

Frederiksen

et al. 2005

Cancer

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Background Sharps injuries (SI) and other blood/body fluid exposures (BBFE) present bloodborne pathogen risks for home healthcare (HHC) workers. While SI and BBFE are sufficiently frequent in HHC to be serious public health concerns, even moderately large surveys can still have insufficient power to identify risk factors. In this study, a new conceptual model for using near‐misses for SI and BBFE was developed and its utility in statistical analyses of SI and BBFE risk factors was evaluated. Methods A survey of HHC nurses (n = 787) and aides (n = 282) gathered data on the numbers of SI, BBFE, and near‐misses in the past year. Questions focused on the circumstances leading up to the SI, BBFE, and near‐misses. After evaluating the hypothesis that near‐misses and events lie along the same causal pathway, we combined these outcomes to estimate their association with an important risk factor: employment status. Results There were similar frequencies of risk factors for the events SI, BBFE, and their near‐misses, suggesting that they may share common causal pathways. Combined data on events and near‐misses confirmed our hypothesis that part‐time and temporary HHC aides were at higher risk than full‐timers. Conclusions Analyses combining injuries and near‐misses may be useful in risk factor investigations. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:1119–1127, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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A Personality typology of smokers

Cited by 44 publications

References 9 publications

Um estudo comparativo entre características de personalidade de universitários fumantes, ex-fumantes e não-fumantes

Um estudo comparativo entre características de personalidade de universitários fumantes, ex-fumantes e não-fumantes

Differential contribution of genetic variation in multiple brain nicotinic cholinergic receptors to nicotine dependence: recent progress and emerging open questions

Personality traits, health behavior, and risk for cancer

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