A Novel Sustainable Design to Develop Polypropylene and Unsaturated Polyester Resin Polymer Composites From Waste of Major Polluting Industries and Investigation on Their Physicomechanical and Wear Properties

Abstract

A novel concept of using Nutraceutical Industrial Coriander Seed Spent (NICSS) and Congo red (CR) dye adsorbed onto NICSS (CR‐NICSS) as filler materials to fabricate polypropylene (PP) green thermoplastic composites and unsaturated polyester resin unsaturated polyester resin (USP)/CR‐NICSS and USP/NICSS composites is presented. To maximize the adsorption of CR on NICSS and to study the influence of five parameters viz, process time, temperature, initial concentration of dye, adsorbent dosage and pH of the reaction mixture, we use a two‐level fractional factorial design approach and analysis of variance to develop statistical model. The composites were evaluated for physico‐mechanical and tribological properties and compared with the thermoplastic composites fabricated using NICSS. Flexural strength and flexural modulus of composites were improved by adding CR‐NICSS and NICSS into PP matrix. The abrasive wear behavior, wear volume loss and specific wear rate as a function of abrading distance at 150, 300, 450, and 600 m and different loads of 23.54 and 33.54 N at 200 rpm were determined. The water absorption characteristics of thermoplastic composites were studied. The surface morphology of tensile fractured PP/CR‐NICSS was examined under scanning electron microscope. The influence of water and thermal ageing on tensile strength and physical properties, such as density, surface hardness and effect of chemicals on USP/CR‐NICSS and USP/NICSS are reported. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:1142–1157, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

Development of sustainable acid blue 113 dye adsorption system using nutraceutical industrial Tribulus terrestris spent

“…The better approach for the disposal of the waste process materials could be to use the current method which is under development which is to fabricate thermosets and thermoplastics. Work on which is in progress in our laboratory and some interesting results obtained are reported elsewhere [64,65].…”

“…Our research school is the first to report the use of NIS as filler material in the fabrication of thermoplastic and thermoset composites [33,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60]65] and for the use as effective adsorbents for remediation of Congo red, methylene blue and ethidium bromide dyes [32,53,64]. Despite myriad research papers reported the use of low-cost agriculture waste as biosorbent for the remediation of toxic dyes; very limited information is available about the use of dye adsorbed biosorbent commonly known as "sludge".…”

“…Despite myriad research papers reported the use of low-cost agriculture waste as biosorbent for the remediation of toxic dyes; very limited information is available about the use of dye adsorbed biosorbent commonly known as "sludge". We have reported on the use of "sludge" as filler material for the fabrication of thermoplastics and thermosets [64,65].…”

Nutraceutical industrial chillies stalk waste as a new adsorbent for the removal of Acid Violet 49 from water and textile industrial effluent: adsorption isotherms and kinetic models

“…In view of increased stringencies imposed on pollution, a novel approach has been developed to use the dye-adsorbed biosorbent generated waste to be used as a filler material for the fabrication of thermosets and thermoplastics. The work in this direction is in progress in our research laboratory [32,35].…”

“…The vast amount of published reports on adsorption of dyes using low-cost biological materials did not indicate any methods for the reuse of resulting "sludge". A feasible solution to dispose off the dye-adsorbed "sludge" is to incorporate the same in petroleum-based non-biodegradable thermoplastics thereby generate green composites lowering the use of plastics and reducing carbon footprint [32,35]. By combining lignocellulosic materials with plastics, it is possible to get many environmental friendly benefits including making of light weight final product, lowering the manufacturing machinery erosion, cost reduction, biodegradability and prevention/minimization of burnt residue production or toxic by-products.…”