A Novel Fully Floating Memristor Emulator Using OTA and Passive Elements

Design of the Threshold-Controllable Memristor Emulator Based on NDR Characteristics

“…Its proven good performance implies significant potential in the fields of chaotic circuits [3][4][5], nonvolatile memory [6,7], digital logic [8,9], artificial neural networks [10][11][12], and non-linear circuits. In general, the research of memristors includes physical implementation [2,13,14], applications in electronic circuits [15,16], and memristor emulators [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

“…The studies on memristor emulators have achieved many results, and a variety of different memristor emulator circuit structures have been proposed, which can be divided into two categories: grounded memristor emulator circuits [18,19] and floating memristor emulator circuits [20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. To design a grounded memristor emulator is easier than a floating memristor emulator.…”

“…However, due to the fact that one terminal is grounded, the grounded memristor emulator has limited features in circuit designs and applications, and is not suitable for use as a two-terminal device in more complicated circuits [20]. Compared with grounded memristor emulators, the application of floating memristor emulators is more flexible, which can be realized by various active elements, such as second-generation current conveyor (CCII) [21], operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) [22], multi outputs OTA [23], current voltage differencing transconductance amplifier (VDTA) [24], and voltage differencing current conveyor (VDCC) [25] with accompanying passive elements and possibly analog multipliers (AD633) [26]. Although some commercial memristor chips are already available on the market, e.g., Knowm.com (accessed on 9 May 2019) [27], memristor emulators have yet to be widely studied and adopted due to their lower cost.…”