A new furanoxanthone from the stem bark ofCalophyllum inophyllum

Abstract

The stem bark extracts of Calophyllum inophyllum furnished one new furanoxanthone, inophinnin (1), in addition to inophyllin A (2), macluraxanthone (3), pyranojacareubin (4), 4-hydroxyxanthone, friedelin, stigmasterol, and betulinic acid. The structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic analysis of 1D and 2D NMR spectral data ((1)H, (13)C, DEPT, COSY, HMQC, and HMBC) while EI-MS gave the molecular mass. The new xanthone, inophinnin (1), exhibited some anti-inflammatory activity in nitric oxide assay.

Anti-inflammatory, anti-cholinergic and cytotoxic effects of Sida rhombifolia

“…NO assay was performed with the Griess reagent as described previously (Ee et al. 2011 ). Raw cells (2 × 10 6 cells/mL) were cultivated in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS.…”

Xanthones, A Promising Anti-Inflammatory Scaffold: Structure, Activity, and Drug Likeness Analysis

“…Using a LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage model, 3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone (4) and mangiferin (7) were found to suppress the generation of TNF-α and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) [28]. Six xanthones, including 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxy-8-prenylxanthone (19) [29], β-mangostin (22) [30], nagostenone F (30) [31], inophinnin (33) [32], garcinoxanghone B (40) [33], and garcinoxanthone C (41) [33], were reported to reduce NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage. 6'-O-acetyl mangiferin (OAM) (8), an acetylated xanthone C-glucoside, was reported to suppress iNOS and COX-2 expression, thereby inhibiting the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.…”

Pharmacological Properties of <i>Calophyllum inophyllum</i> – Updated Review

“…The active constituents are Inophyllum A, C, E, calophyllolide, calophynic acid, 11,12-anhydroinophyllum A, potocatechuic acid, 1,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxyxanthone, betasitosterol, n nonacosane, gallic acid, and sitosterol-3-O-beta-D-glucophyranoside [5]. A new xanthone named inophinnin isolated from the stem bark of Calophyllum inophyllum has been recently shown to be anti-inflammatory [6]. Calophyllolide, a major constituents in Calophyllum inophyllum seeds, induces anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-6, while it represses the expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrotic factor-ɑ in experimental studies [7].…”