Xanthones, A Promising Anti-Inflammatory Scaffold: Structure, Activity, and Drug Likeness Analysis

Feng, Zhaoyong; Lu, Xiuqiang; Gan, Li‐She; Zhang, Qing Wen; Lin, Ligen

doi:10.3390/molecules25030598

Cited by 66 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Besides being non-toxic in nature they are considered to less expensive [18,19,20 21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28] . Seaweeds in general and red algae in particular have been reported for their potential role as potent anti-inflammatory and anticancer because of their rich and unique constituents [58,59,60], which agrees well with the present study findings ( Table 1). The present study revealed the presence of different secondary metabolites such as marine Xanthones which exhibit wide spectrum of activities such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic etc.…”

Section: Impact Of G Oblongata On the Inflammatory Biomarkerssupporting

confidence: 93%

Red algae natural products for prevention of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced liver and kidney inflammation and injuries

Nabil-Adam

Shreadah

2021

Bioscience Reports

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Background: The liver and kidney inflammation due to bacterial infection is one of the most common pathological problems leading to tissue damage or disease. In many liver and kidney disorders, which represent serious global health burden with a high economic cost, oxidative stress-related inflammation and apoptosis are important pathogenic components, finally resulting in acute liver and/or kidney failure. Erythropoietin and its analogues are well known to influence the interaction between apoptosis and inflammation in liver and kidney. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate and clarify the effect of G. Oblongata red algae on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced acute liver and kidney injury of mice with endotoxemia and associated molecular mechanism from inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress levels. Results: The current study cleared out that treatment of rats with the G. Oblongata extract prior to LPS injection significantly lowered serum cytokines, including NF-κB, MPO and LPO, and improved liver apoptosis through suppressing protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway, and that may be due to antibacterial activity as well antioxidant capacity of G. Oblongata extract. Conclusion: The current study was cleared out the possibility of administration of G. Oblongata red algae as a multi products source for biotechnological, medical, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications due to highly antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities even although more investigations are required for separating, purifying and characterizing these bioactive compounds.

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Section: Impact Of G Oblongata On the Inflammatory Biomarkerssupporting

confidence: 93%

Red algae natural products for prevention of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced liver and kidney inflammation and injuries

Nabil-Adam

Shreadah

2021

Bioscience Reports

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“…To better compare those anti-inflammatory clerodane diterpenoid derivatives with marketed drugs, the MW, HBA, HBD [ 98 ], Log P, PSA, RB, and stereogenic centers were evaluated; and the marketed drugs were divided into natural products, natural products derivatives, natural product type macrocycles, polycyclic compounds, synthetic compounds, and assumed synthetic compounds [ 99 , 100 ] (Fig. 3 ).…”

Section: Comparison Of Drug-likeness Of Anti-inflammatory Clerodane Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

The drug likeness analysis of anti-inflammatory clerodane diterpenoids

2020

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Inflammation is an active defense response of the body against external stimuli. Long term low-grade inflammation has been considered as a deteriorated factor for aging, cancer, neurodegeneration and metabolic disorders. The clinically used glucocorticoids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are not suitable for chronic inflammation. Therefore, it’s urgent to discover and develop new effective and safe drugs to attenuate inflammation. Clerodane diterpenoids, a class of bicyclic diterpenoids, are widely distributed in plants of the Labiatae, Euphorbiaceae and Verbenaceae families, as well as fungi, bacteria, and marine sponges. Dozens of anti-inflammatory clerodane diterpenoids have been identified on different assays, both in vitro and in vivo. In the current review, the up-to-date research progresses of anti-inflammatory clerodane diterpenoids were summarized, and their druglikeness was analyzed, which provided the possibility for further development of anti-inflammatory drugs.

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“…Many reviews to date discuss on various biological activities of xanthones (Ibrahim et al, 2016;Aizat et al, 2019;Feng et al, 2020;Ong et al, 2020) with a recent review discussing the modulatory ability of xanthones on macrophage function and associated inflammatory diseases (Ng and Chua, 2019). The reviews on the potential of xanthones as anti-inflammatory agents for skin diseases are limited and no review has been focused extensively on their mechanisms of action in the context of skin inflammatory diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Xanthones and Skin Inflammatory Diseases: Multitargeting Mechanisms of Action and Potential Application

et al. 2020

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The pathogenesis of skin inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis, acne, psoriasis, and skin cancers generally involve the generation of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. Exposure of the skin to external aggressors such as ultraviolet (UV) radiation and xenobiotics induces the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which subsequently activates immune responses and causes immunological aberrations. Hence, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents were considered to be potential compounds to treat skin inflammatory diseases. A prime example of such compounds is xanthone (xanthene-9-one), a class of natural compounds that possess a wide range of biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and chemotherapeutic effects. Many studies reported various mechanisms of action by xanthones for the treatment of skin inflammatory diseases. These mechanisms of action commonly involve the modulation of various pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), as well as anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10. Other mechanisms of action include the regulation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, besides immune cell recruitment via modulation of chemokines, activation, and infiltration. Moreover, disease-specific activity contributed by xanthones, such as antibacterial action against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis for acne treatment, and numerous cytotoxic mechanisms involving pro-apoptotic and anti-metastatic effects for skin cancer treatment have been extensively elucidated. Furthermore, xanthones have been reported to modulate pathways responsible for mediating oxidative stress and inflammation such as PPAR, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor and prostaglandin cascades. These pathways were also implicated in skin inflammatory diseases. Xanthones including the prenylated α-mangostin (2) and γ-mangostin (3), glucosylated mangiferin (4) and the caged xanthone gambogic acid (8) are potential lead compounds to be further developed into pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of skin inflammatory diseases. Future studies on the structure-activity relationships, molecular mechanisms, and applications of xanthones for the treatment of skin inflammatory diseases are thus highly recommended.

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Xanthones, A Promising Anti-Inflammatory Scaffold: Structure, Activity, and Drug Likeness Analysis

Cited by 66 publications

References 86 publications

Red algae natural products for prevention of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced liver and kidney inflammation and injuries

Red algae natural products for prevention of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced liver and kidney inflammation and injuries

The drug likeness analysis of anti-inflammatory clerodane diterpenoids

Natural Xanthones and Skin Inflammatory Diseases: Multitargeting Mechanisms of Action and Potential Application

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