A longitudinal study of cryptosporidiosis in dairy cattle from birth to 2 years of age

Santı́n, Mónica; Trout, James M.; Fayer, Ronald

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.04.018

Cited by 236 publications

(211 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Calves were the major recognized reservoirs for C. parvum (Caccio et al, 2000;Warda et al, 2002;Condoleo et al, 2007;Paul et al, 2008;Helmy et al, 2013;Mahfouz et al, 2014) with strong relation between C. parvum infection and diarrhea among Egyptian buffalo calves (Warda et al, 2002). Cryptospordium parvum was mostly dominant in preweaned calves (El-Dessouky and El-Masry, 2005;Santin et al, 2008;Keshavarz et al, 2009;Karanis et al, 2010;Randhawa et al, 2012a). Also, it's known that C. baileyi infected a broad range of birds and found in the small and large intestine, bursa, respiratory tissues such as the conjunctiva, sinus and trachea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization of Bubaline Isolate of Cryptosporidium Species from Egypt

Abdelrahma¹,

Megeed²,

Hammam³

et al. 2015

Research J. of Parasitology

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Cryptosporidium an apicomplexan parasite has the ability to induce diarrhea in bovines, goats, pigs, dogs and cats worldwide. In this study, buffalo calves fecal samples were examined after staining their smears with Modified Ziehl-Neelsen Stain (MZN). Ileal sections were examined for the detection of pathological changes. Further molecular characterization was done using nested PCR amplification and partial sequence analysis. The detected oocysts were morphologically similar to Cryptosporidium parvum. Light microscopic examination of Cryptosporidium infected ileal Tissue Section (TS) stained with H and E revealed the presence of altered mucosal architecture with congestion of blood vessels, infiltration, sloughing and complete erosion of epithelial cells and shortening, blunting, stunting and atrophy of the intestinal villi. Molecular characterization gave PCR amplicons of 18S SSU rRNA gene products approximately at 823 bp. Sequences proved specified generalized relatedness with 21 species of Cryptosporidium but the nucleotide homogeneity percentage was insufficient to designate species or genotypes. Further bioinformatics analysis showed that resulting Cryptosporidium isolates had the closest match with three isolates. It was implied that the Cryptosporidium isolates is mostly like Cryptosporidium parvum (JX237832.1) previously isolated from buffaloes in Ismailia province.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization of Bubaline Isolate of Cryptosporidium Species from Egypt

Abdelrahma¹,

Megeed²,

Hammam³

et al. 2015

Research J. of Parasitology

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“…Bovine cryptosporidiosis can occur in all age groups, in both beef and dairy cattle, in which the prevalence rate varies considerably across studies, with a tendency to decrease with increasing animal age (SANTÍN et al, 2008;BUDU-AMOAKO et al, 2012). The Cryptosporidium species identified in cattle include C. parvum, C. bovis, C. ryanae, and C. andersoni (XIAO, 2010).…”

Section: Epidemiological Aspects Of Bovine Cryptosporidiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies on dairy farms have shown that C. parvum was more frequent in calves up to 2 months of age; C. bovis and C. ryanae, in older calves and steers; and C. andersoni, in steers and adults (SANTÍN et al, 2004;FAYER et al, 2007;SANTÍN et al, 2008). Despite the low prevalence of C. parvum in steers and adults, some studies have identified this species in this age group (FAYER et al, 2007;BUDU-AMOAKO et al, 2012;WELLS et al, 2015).…”

Section: Epidemiological Aspects Of Bovine Cryptosporidiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Waterborne Giardia and Cryptosporidium: contamination of human drinking water by sewage and cattle feces

Toledo

Martins

Freire

2017

SCA

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Water is an important vehicle for pathogens such as Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis. In fact, these organisms are responsible for almost 58% and 38% of the waterborne outbreaks reported in ~60 years. Characteristics related to the environmental phase of these protozoa and the different types of hosts are important factors related to environmental contamination. In cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis, outbreaks caused by waterborne pathogens are identified as major risk factors for contamination of water resources by untreated sewage and the entrainment of cattle feces in rainwater. Further, this review covers taxonomic, biologic, and epidemiologic aspects such as prevalence, risk factors, and molecular characterization of these protozoa observed in humans and cattle in order to elucidate the role of these hosts in environmental pollution, and consequently, as a source of infection for susceptible humans, especially in rural areas. Alternative water resources such as wells and springs are used without water treatment and potability monitoring. Epidemiological data are useful, but insufficient to characterize the source of infection, thereby requiring the use of appropriate molecular methods for subtyping the protozoa detected in environmental and feces samples as well as for assessing public health risk. Key words: Sanitation. Giardia duodenalis. Cryptosporidium parvum. Zoonosis. Rural areas. Molecular characterization. ResumoA água é um importante veículo de transmissão de patógenos, entre eles Cryptosporidium spp e Giardia duodenalis, respectivamente responsáveis por 58% e 38% dos surtos de veiculação hídrica registrados em cerca de 60 anos. Características relacionadas às fases ambientais destes protozoários e a grande quantidade de hospedeiros são importantes fatores relacionados à contaminação ambiental. Em surtos de criptosporidiose e giardíase por veiculação hídrica são apontados como principais fatores de risco a contaminação dos mananciais, utilizados para a dessedentação humana, por esgoto não tratado e o desague de fezes de animais devido ao carreamento por água da chuva. Além destes fatores, esta revisão aborda aspectos taxonômicos, biológicos e epidemiológicos, como prevalência, fatores de risco e caracterização molecular destes protozoários em humanos e bovinos como forma de elucidar a importância destes hospedeiros na contaminação ambiental e, consequentemente, como fonte de infecção para humanos suscetíveis, especialmente em áreas rurais. Nestas áreas são frequentemente utilizadas fontes alternativas de abastecimento de água, como poços e nascentes, sem tratamento e monitoramento de potabilidade. Dados epidemiológicos auxiliam, porém não são suficientes para caracterizar fontes de infecção, sendo necessário o uso de adequadas ferramentas de caracterização molecular para subtipagem de protozoários identificados em fezes e amostras ambientais e avaliação do risco de saúde pública.

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“…The agent is responsible for about 85% of cryptosporidiosis in preweaned calves but only 1% of the disease in postweaned calves and 1-2 year old heifers [6,9,10] . Among the other bovine species, C. bovis and C. ryanae were detected mainly in weaned calves, and C. andersoni in yearlings and adult cattle [9,11,12] . While C. bovis and C. ryanae are considered non-zoonotic, C. andersoni has recently been reported in few research involving humans in England [13] .…”

Section: Prevalence Of Cryptosporidiosis and Molecular Characterizatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Erzurum Yöresinde Buzağılarda Cryptosporidiosisin Prevalansı ve Cryptosporidium Türlerinin Moleküler Karekterizasyonu

Güven¹,

Avcıoğlu²,

Balkaya³

et al. 2013

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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SummaryThis study was conducted to determine the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and to identify Cryptosporidium species found in preweaned calves, in Erzurum, Turkey. Fecal samples were collected from 307 calves up to one month old from 5 dairy farms. Genomic DNA was obtained by DNA extraction (QIAamp DNA Stool kit). The prevalence of cryptosporidiosis was determined based on identification through a nested PCR protocol to amplify fragments of the Cryptosporidium SSU rRNA gene. 3.9% of calves were positive for Cryptosporidium. Calves that were subjected to traditional herd management, were female, aged 2 weeks, and had watery feces were affected by the disease at a greater incidence than those were subjected to planned herd surveillance program, were males, were older than 3 weeks, and had firm feces. DNA sequence analysis of the SSU rRNA gene on all of the PCR positive samples ascertained that C. parvum was the only species present. Further studies should be performed comprehensive fecal analysis for other causative agents for association Cryptosporidium species in calf diarrhea and mortality resulting in economic loss in the region. Keywords: Calf, Cryptosporidium, Nested-PCR, SSU rRNA, Erzurum Erzurum Yöresinde Buzağılarda Cryptosporidiosisin Prevalansı veCryptosporidium Türlerinin Moleküler Karekterizasyonu ÖzetBu çalışma, Erzurum yöresindeki sütten kesim öncesi dönemdeki buzağılarda cryptosporidiosisin prevalansının ve Cryptosporidium türlerinin moleküler karekterizasyonunun ortaya konması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla beş süt işletmesinden, bir aydan küçük 307 buzağının dışkı örnekleri toplanmış ve DNA ekstraksiyonu (QIAamp DNA Stool kit) yapılarak genomik DNA elde edilmiştir. Nested PCR protokolü ile Cryptosporidium SSU rRNA gen bölgesinin kısmi amplifikasyonu yapılmış ve cryptosporidiosis prevalansı %3.9 olarak belirlenmiştir. Geleneksel yöntemlerle yetiştirilen, dişi, 2 haftalık yaşta ve sulu dışkıya sahip buzağıların modern işletmelerde yetiştirilen, erkek, 3 haftadan büyük ve katı kıvamlı dışkıya sahip olanlara göre hastalıktan daha çok etkilendiği saptanmıştır. PCR pozitif örneklerin SSU rRNA gen bölgesi hedef alınarak yapılan DNA dizi analizleri sonuçlarına göre C. parvum'un hayvanlarda bulunan tek tür olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, yörede ekonomik kayıplara neden olan buzağı ishalleri ve ölümlerinde Cryptosporidium türleri ile diğer hastalık etkenlerinin etkileşimlerinin ortaya konması amacıyla daha kapsamlı çalışmaların yapılmasının gerekliliği sonucuna varılmıştır.

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A longitudinal study of cryptosporidiosis in dairy cattle from birth to 2 years of age

Cited by 236 publications

References 59 publications

Molecular Characterization of Bubaline Isolate of Cryptosporidium Species from Egypt

Molecular Characterization of Bubaline Isolate of Cryptosporidium Species from Egypt

Waterborne Giardia and Cryptosporidium: contamination of human drinking water by sewage and cattle feces

Erzurum Yöresinde Buzağılarda Cryptosporidiosisin Prevalansı ve Cryptosporidium Türlerinin Moleküler Karekterizasyonu

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