No abstract

Cryptosporidium an apicomplexan parasite has the ability to induce diarrhea in bovines, goats, pigs, dogs and cats worldwide. In this study, buffalo calves fecal samples were examined after staining their smears with Modified Ziehl-Neelsen Stain (MZN). Ileal sections were examined for the detection of pathological changes. Further molecular characterization was done using nested PCR amplification and partial sequence analysis. The detected oocysts were morphologically similar to Cryptosporidium parvum. Light microscopic examination of Cryptosporidium infected ileal Tissue Section (TS) stained with H and E revealed the presence of altered mucosal architecture with congestion of blood vessels, infiltration, sloughing and complete erosion of epithelial cells and shortening, blunting, stunting and atrophy of the intestinal villi. Molecular characterization gave PCR amplicons of 18S SSU rRNA gene products approximately at 823 bp. Sequences proved specified generalized relatedness with 21 species of Cryptosporidium but the nucleotide homogeneity percentage was insufficient to designate species or genotypes. Further bioinformatics analysis showed that resulting Cryptosporidium isolates had the closest match with three isolates. It was implied that the Cryptosporidium isolates is mostly like Cryptosporidium parvum (JX237832.1) previously isolated from buffaloes in Ismailia province.

No abstract

The brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus is a three-host tick that feeds primarily on dog and occasionally on other hosts, including human. Toxoplasmosis is generally considered the most important disease that causing abortion of both pregnant women and different female animals throughout the world. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the ability of the brown dog tick R. sanguineus to acquire Toxoplasma infection through feeding its larvae on experimentally infected rabbits with T. gondii. The R. sanguineous larvae were feed on rabbits experimentally infected with locally isolated virulent Toxoplasma gondii strain. Nymphs moulted from these larvae were investigated to detect the presence of T. gondii specific B1 gene DNA using PCR at 193 bp. Histological examination for liver, lung and heart of experimentally infected rabbits was performed to confirm the infection of animals with T. gondii. The histopathological examination of infected rabbit tissues (heart, lung liver) revealed infiltration of T. gondii tachyzoites and polymorph nuclear inflammatory cells in addition the presence of different tissue alterations and degeneration other than that in normally histological tissues of non-infected rabbits. The nymphs of R. sanguineus were free from T. gondii. Further investigations are needed on the other developmental stages of R. sanguineus to ensure the ability of this tick species in transmission of T. gondii.