A Location-Aware Waypoint-Based Routing Protocol for Airborne DTNs in Search and Rescue Scenarios

Bujari, Armir; Calafate, Carlos T.; Cano, Juan-Carlos; Manzoni, Pietro; Palazzi, Claudio E.; Ronzani, Daniele

doi:10.3390/s18113758

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…For example, the authors in [76] used a drone in DTN to lower the cost of implementing smart cities monitoring. In Geographic Spray and Wait (GeoSaW) [77], the current location and scheduled path information of UAVs are utilized to determine the most suitable UAV to relay messages to the destination. The reliability of message delivery can be further enhanced by location-aware algorithms using geographical information gathered from GPS equipment or localization techniques.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current State of Multicast Routing Protocols for Disruption Tolerant Networks: Survey and Open Issues

Wong

Wan

2019

Electronics

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The deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) applications in remote areas, such as environmental sensing areas, requires Disruption Tolerant Networking (DTN) support due to the lack of continuous network connectivity. IoT devices in DTN generate and store data until a network link is available for data transmission. Data mules or ferries are scheduled to travel among intermittent networks to collect data and disseminate configuration updates from control centers to all participating nodes in a reliable manner. The incorporation of efficient, reliable multicast algorithms into DTN helps to overcome the current limitations in updating large numbers of nodes in remote areas with identical configurations. In this paper, the current state of multicast routing protocols in DTN is outlined according to their design aspects. Open issues are also discussed to provide impetus for further research into the Reliable Multicast DTN (RMDTN) protocol.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current State of Multicast Routing Protocols for Disruption Tolerant Networks: Survey and Open Issues

Wong

Wan

2019

Electronics

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“…GeoSaw: The GeoSaw is a prediction based routing scheme 73 that utilizes two types of services. The first service is sending the beacon messages.…”

Section: Literature Survey On Geographic‐based Routing Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study on geographic‐based routing algorithms for flying ad‐hoc networks

Agrawal

Kapoor

2021

Concurrency and Computation

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The advancement of the technology and broad availability of low-cost devices (e.g., networking technology, micro-embedded computers, and sensors, etc.) have opened new ways for the expansion of flying ad-hoc networks (FANETs). The unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have the potential to change their trajectory freely in the case of FANETs. This freedom demands efficient routing to make the network connection smooth. However, designing routing protocols for FANETs is a crucial task for highly dynamic nodes like UAVs. The position-based routing demonstrated high efficiency and resilience to handle the high mobility of UAV nodes in FANETs as compared to topology-based routing protocols. Geographic routing protocols utilize the coordinates of the node to greedily proceed toward the destination. This article presents an extensive review of position-based or geographic routing protocols in FANETs. Previous survey papers have performed a comparative analysis of all the protocols on different network conditions, assumptions, tools, and settings, therefore their performance is not comparable. The novelty of this survey is that this article performs the comparative analysis of various geographic routing protocols by evaluating all the geographic routing protocols over a common network scenario with a varying number of nodes. The starting phase of this article covers the basic outline of FANETs. Thereafter, an absolute study of the geographic based routing protocol has been presented by distinguishing the routing protocols on the basis of path and packet forwarding strategy. This article further emphasizes on the strength, weaknesses, quality of service (QoS), and comparative analysis of the various characteristics of the geographic routing protocols. Finally, a performance comparison summary of all the analyzed routing protocols for FANETs has been presented. The open research issues have been discussed at the end of this article.

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“…Several routing techniques have been designed to accommodate to the various constraints that can arise at any time in FANETs [146]. Moreover, since many mobility models can be adopted for the movement of UAVs, the relays' selection methods are diversified aiming for decreasing the packet losses and to enhance the performances [147].…”

Section: Routing Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Routing in Flying Ad Hoc Networks: Survey, Constraints, and Future Challenge Perspectives

Oubbati¹,

Atiquzzaman²,

Lorenz³

et al. 2019

IEEE Access

210

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Owing to the explosive expansion of wireless communication and networking technologies, cost-effective unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have recently emerged and soon they will occupy the major part of our sky. UAVs can be exploited to efficiently accomplish complex missions when cooperatively organized as an ad hoc network, thus creating the well-known flying ad hoc networks (FANETs). The establishment of such networks is not feasible without deploying an efficient networking model allowing a reliable exchange of information between UAVs. FANET inherits common features and characteristics from mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) and their sub-classes, such as vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) and wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Unfortunately, UAVs are often deployed in the sky adopting a mobility model dictated by the nature of missions that they are expected to handle, and therefore, differentiate themselves from any traditional networks. Moreover, several flying constraints and the highly dynamic topology of FANETs make the design of routing protocols a complicated task. In this paper, a comprehensive survey is presented covering the architecture, the constraints, the mobility models, the routing techniques, and the simulation tools dedicated to FANETs. A classification, descriptions, and comparative studies of an important number of existing routing protocols dedicated to FANETs are detailed. Furthermore, the paper depicts future challenge perspectives, helping scientific researchers to discover some themes that have been addressed only ostensibly in the literature and need more investigation. The novelty of this survey is its uniqueness to provide a complete analysis of the major FANET routing protocols and to critically compare them according to different constraints based on crucial parameters, thus better presenting the state of the art of this specific area of research.INDEX TERMS UAV, FANET, mobility, simulation, routing protocols. TABLE 2. FANET communication comparison. C. FANET CHARACTERISTICSEach mission or application comes with different requirements in terms of the number of UAVs, the flight time, and the communication constraints. This diversifies the characteristics of FANETs and makes them unique, which differentiate them from other kinds of ad hoc networks. In this section, we provide a detailed description of the most crucial FANET characteristics that are considered during the deployment of such networks. 1) NODE SPEEDThe LAUs are considered as the most studied categories of UAVs. In this category, we distinguish two kinds of UAVs: (i) Rotary-Wing (RW) UAVs and (ii) Fixed-Wing (FW) UAVs [61]. In a general case, the mobility of both types of

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A Location-Aware Waypoint-Based Routing Protocol for Airborne DTNs in Search and Rescue Scenarios

Cited by 29 publications

References 23 publications

Current State of Multicast Routing Protocols for Disruption Tolerant Networks: Survey and Open Issues

Current State of Multicast Routing Protocols for Disruption Tolerant Networks: Survey and Open Issues

A comparative study on geographic‐based routing algorithms for flying ad‐hoc networks

Routing in Flying Ad Hoc Networks: Survey, Constraints, and Future Challenge Perspectives

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