A hybrid life cycle assessment of the large-scale application of electric vehicles

Xiong, Siqin; Wang, Yunshi; Bai, Bo; Ma, Xiaoming

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2020.119314

Cited by 47 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…LCC follows the cycle division concept of LCA and mainly measures the cost of products or services, while SLCA is similar in that it measures social benefits. There are even life cycle sustainability assessments (LCSA) that combine LCA, LCC, and SLCA [3,54] and macro approaches that use an extended input-output life cycle evaluation of the interaction of multiple industries (EIO-LCA) [55]. Table 2 presents the statistics of the LCA and LCA expansion methods.…”

Section: Lca Evaluation Methods Division and Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Environmental Efficiency Evaluation of New Energy Vehicles Using Life Cycle Analysis

Wang

Tang

2022

Sustainability

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New energy vehicles (NEVs), especially electric vehicles (EVs), address the important task of reducing the greenhouse effect. It is particularly important to measure the environmental efficiency of new energy vehicles, and the life cycle analysis (LCA) model provides a comprehensive evaluation method of environmental efficiency. To provide researchers with knowledge regarding the research trends of LCA in NEVs, a total of 282 related studies were counted from the Web of Science database and analyzed regarding their research contents, research preferences, and research trends. The conclusion drawn from this research is that the stages of energy resource extraction and collection, carrier production and energy transportation, maintenance, and replacement are not considered to be research links. The stages of material, equipment, and car transportation and operation equipment settling, and forms of use need to be considered in future research. Hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (HFCEVs), vehicle type classification, the water footprint, battery recovery and reuse, and battery aging are the focus of further research, and comprehensive evaluation combined with more evaluation methods is the direction needed for the optimization of LCA. According to the results of this study regarding EV and hybrid power vehicles (including plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), fuel-cell electric vehicles (FCEV), hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), and extended range electric vehicles (EREV)), well-to-wheel (WTW) average carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions have been less than those in the same period of gasoline internal combustion engine vehicles (GICEV). However, EV and hybrid electric vehicle production CO2 emissions have been greater than those during the same period of GICEV and the total CO2 emissions of EV have been less than during the same period of GICEV.

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Section: Lca Evaluation Methods Division and Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Environmental Efficiency Evaluation of New Energy Vehicles Using Life Cycle Analysis

Wang

Tang

2022

Sustainability

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“…The same concern exists when lower-yielding alternative farming practices are introduced to reduce environmental impacts, as exemplified by studies associating organic food with additional emissions 39 , or foregone carbon sequestration 40 , due to the need for more land to compensate for lower yields. Examples of such carbon leakage in other sectors include those associated with the electrification of vehicle fleets, which may result in substantial upfront carbon emissions due to large demand for batteries with high embedded emissions, and low net reduction of CO 2 emissions from displacing petrol and diesel use in ICE vehicles due to battery charging with carbon-intensive electricity [41][42][43] . Indirect land use change and carbon leakage need to be taken into account and addressed in appropriate ways.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategic deployment of riparian buffers and windbreaks in Europe can co-deliver biomass and environmental benefits

Englund

Börjesson

Mola‐Yudego

et al. 2021

Commun Earth Environ

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Within the scope of the new Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union, in coherence with other EU policies, new incentives are developed for farmers to deploy practices that are beneficial for climate, water, soil, air, and biodiversity. Such practices include establishment of multifunctional biomass production systems, designed to reduce environmental impacts while providing biomass for food, feed, bioenergy, and other biobased products. Here, we model three scenarios of large-scale deployment for two such systems, riparian buffers and windbreaks, across over 81,000 landscapes in Europe, and quantify the corresponding areas, biomass output, and environmental benefits. The results show that these systems can effectively reduce nitrogen emissions to water and soil loss by wind erosion, while simultaneously providing substantial environmental co-benefits, having limited negative effects on current agricultural production. This kind of beneficial land-use change using strategic perennialization is important for meeting environmental objectives while advancing towards a sustainable bioeconomy.

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“…The same concern exists when lower-yielding alternative farming practices are introduced to reduce environmental impacts, as exemplified by studies associating organic food with additional emissions (Smith et al, 2019), or foregone carbon sequestration (Searchinger et al, 2018), due to the need for more land to compensate for lower yields. Examples of such carbon leakage in other sectors include those associated with electrification of vehicle fleets, which may result in significant up-front carbon emissions due to large demand for batteries with significant embedded emissions, and low net reduction on CO2 emissions from displacing petrol and diesel use in ICE vehicles due to battery charging with carbon-intensive electricity (Hill et al, 2019;Xiong et al, 2020). Indirect land use change and carbon leakage need to be taken into account and addressed in appropriate ways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial land-use change in Europe: deployment scenarios for multifunctional riparian buffers and windbreaks

Englund

Börjesson

Mola‐Yudego

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The land sector needs to increase biomass production to meet multiple demands while reducing negative land use impacts and transitioning from being a source to being a sink of carbon. The new Common Agricultural Policy of the EU (CAP) steers towards a more needs-based, targeted approach to addressing multiple environmental and climatic objectives, in coherence with other EU policies. In relation to this, new schemes are developed to offer farmers direct payments to adapt practices beneficial for climate, water, soil, air and biodiversity. Multifunctional biomass production systems have potential to reduce environmental impacts from agriculture while maintaining or increasing biomass production for the bioeconomy across Europe. Here, we present the first attempt to model the deployment of two such systems, riparian buffers and windbreaks, across >81.000 landscapes in Europe (EU27 + UK), aiming to quantify the resulting ecosystem services and environmental benefits, considering three deployment scenarios with different incentives for implementation. We found that these multifunctional biomass production systems can reduce N emissions to water and soil loss by wind erosion, respectively, down to a “low” impact level all over Europe, while simultaneously providing substantial environmental co-benefits, using less than 1% of the area under annual crops in the EU. The GHG emissions savings of utilizing the biomass produced in these systems for replacing fossil alternatives, combined with the increases in soil organic carbon, correspond to 1-1,4% of total GHG emissions in EU28. The introduction of “eco-schemes” in the new CAP may resolve some of the main barriers to implementation of large-scale multifunctional biomass production systems. Increasing the knowledge of these opportunities among all EU member states, before designing and introducing country-specific Eco-scheme options in the new CAP, is critical.

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A hybrid life cycle assessment of the large-scale application of electric vehicles

Cited by 47 publications

References 37 publications

A Review on Environmental Efficiency Evaluation of New Energy Vehicles Using Life Cycle Analysis

A Review on Environmental Efficiency Evaluation of New Energy Vehicles Using Life Cycle Analysis

Strategic deployment of riparian buffers and windbreaks in Europe can co-deliver biomass and environmental benefits

Beneficial land-use change in Europe: deployment scenarios for multifunctional riparian buffers and windbreaks

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