A concept of paralytic ileus: A clinical study

The Action of Morphine, Pethidine, and Amidone Upon the Intestinal Motility of Conscious Dogs

“…The change was not, however, consistent in its direction, the contractions being sometimes more, sometimes less frequent. The failure to find a constant effect of morphine on the frequency of contractions is in agreement with the results of Gruber, Brundage, DeNote, and Heiligman (1935) in dogs, and of Abbott and Pendergrass (1936) in man, but an increased frequency after morphine has been reported by Forster (1940), Devine (1946), andPlant andMiller (1926), and a decrease in frequency has been said to occur after morphine by Krueger, Howes, andGay (1935) andby Oettel (1935).…”

Ileus: The restoration of alimentary-tract motility by pharmacological means

“…All the evidence, however, suggests that the whole of the gastro-intestinal tract participates in the same inhibitory process although its extent may vary considerably. Mechanical obstruction may, however, occur if the distended bowel kinks (Devine, 1946). The Miller-Abbott tube (Abbott and Miller, 1934) was introduced to decompress the gastro-intestinal tract perorally, although when the gut is completely inactive this tube will not be passed along the gut.…”

“…Cathartics will increase movements of the normal small bowel (Oppenheimer and Mann, 1946) but have no effect in established ileus (Devine, 1946) ; enemata and rectal wash-outs are likewise ineffectual (Ochsner, 1935 ;Wangensteen, 1955). Bayliss and Starling (1899) noted that vigorous peristalsis followed the injection of 10 per cent saline into the gut lumen, and the intravenous infusion of hypertonic saline has been advocated inileus (Alvarez and Hosoi, 1929;Ochsner,Gage, and Cutting, 1933;Schnohr, 1951 ;Wangensteen, 1955).…”

“…Analgesics are essential in the immediate postoperative period and morphine is known to increase both bowel tone and motility. Because of this it has been argued that the use of morphine in ileus will reduce the intensity of bowel distension and facilitate the absorption of intraluminal gas (Devine, 1946).…”

Changes of Structure and Enzyme Activity in Malabsorption during Gastrointestinal Paresis

“…Devine [9] supposes the gastrointestinal tract to become in active after major operations as a result of reflex inhibition. A disturb ance of glucose absorption in the post-operative period lias been demon strated by Cox [6] and th at of fat assimilation by Goldenberg and Byrnes [11].…”