Ileus: The restoration of alimentary-tract motility by pharmacological means

Neely, Julian; Catchpole, B. N.

doi:10.1002/bjs.1800580104

Cited by 117 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 67 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This finding is in agreement with previous reports which outlined the existence of intestin al movements early in the postoperative period with various techniques: balloon kymography [19,20,22], radiological methods [16,18,21] or study of abdominal sounds [1,6,25,27]. Therefore, it may be suggest ed that the 'physiological' ileus is not due to the disappearance of intes tinal mechanical activities but to their disorganization.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of Some Drugs on Electrical Activity of the Gut in the Postoperative Period

Dauchel¹,

Schang²,

Kachelhoffer³

et al. 1976

Eur Surg Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Myoelectrical activity of the gut has been studied in the postoperative period on 54 patients who underwent cholecystectomy. They have been divided into one control group and four other groups which were treated with pentagastrin, cholecystokinin, prostigmine or coherin (a posterior pituitary extract). In all patients, bursts of spikes were recorded during the early postoperative period. However, the slow waves were strongly disturbed at this time. Pentagastrin, CCK-PZ and prostigmine had no effect on the slow waves, while they increased the frequency of the spikes. These substances did not reduce the duration of the ‘physiological’ ileus. On the contrary, coherin was found to improve the regularity of the slow waves and to reduce the duration of the ‘physiological’ ileus.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Therefore, a large number of means have been proposed for stimulating the intestinal motility during the postoperative period [20]. However, no effective therapeutic measure has been reported, inasmuch as the methods for studying intestinal motility were often too complex and approximative for permitting an evaluation of the effects of such therapies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Some Drugs on Electrical Activity of the Gut in the Postoperative Period

Dauchel¹,

Schang²,

Kachelhoffer³

et al. 1976

Eur Surg Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The cause of postoperative ileus remains only partly understood, and its treatment remains often empirical and suboptimal. Attempts by various prokinetics (such as acetylcholine, cisapride, or even motilides) to stimulates smooth muscle cells directly or via the efferent neural pathways frequently gave disappointing results (4,6,13,17,25). More recent studies suggested, however, that an inhibitory influence by afferent nerves could be involved in the genesis of postoperative ileus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin/motilin-related peptide is a potent prokinetic to reverse gastric postoperative ileus in rat

Trudel

Tomasetto

Rio

et al. 2002

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

242

183

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Trudel, L., C. Tomasetto, M. C. Rio, M. Bouin M, V. Plourde, P. Eberling, and P. Poitras. Ghrelin/motilinrelated peptide is a potent prokinetic to reverse gastric postoperative ileus in rat. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 282: G948-G952, 2002; 10.1152/ajpgi.00339.2001.-A novel peptide called ghrelin or motilin-related-peptide (MTLRP) was found in the stomach of various mammals. We studied its effect on the motor function of the rat gastrointestinal tract. In normal, conscious unoperated animals, ghrelin/MTLRP (5 or 20 g/kg iv) significantly accelerated the gastric emptying of a methylcellulose liquid solution (gastric residue after 15 min: 57 Ϯ 7, 42 Ϯ 11, 17 Ϯ 4, and 9 Ϯ 3% of the ingested meal with doses of 0, 1, 5, and 20 g/kg iv, respectively) Transit of the methylcellulose liquid solution was also accelerated by ghrelin/MTLRP in the small intestine but not in the colon. Des- [Gln 14 ]ghrelin, also found in the mammalian stomach, was as potent as ghrelin in emptying the stomach (gastric residue after 15 min: 12 Ϯ 3% at a dose of 20 g/kg iv). In rats in which postoperative gastrointestinal ileus had been experimentally induced, ghrelin/MTLRP (20 g/kg iv) reversed the delayed gastric evacuation (gastric residue after 15 min: 28 Ϯ 7% of the ingested meal vs. 82 Ϯ 9% with saline). In comparison, the gastric ileus was not modified by high doses of motilin (77 Ϯ 7%) or erythromycin (82 Ϯ 6%) and was only partially improved by calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) 8-37 antagonist (59 Ϯ 7%). Ghrelin/MTLRP, therefore, accelerates the gastric emptying and small intestinal transit of a liquid meal and is a strong prokinetic agent capable of reversing the postoperative gastric ileus in rat. regulatory peptides; gastrointestinal hormones; gastrointestinal motility A NOVEL PEPTIDE WAS IDENTIFIED recently in endocrine cells of the gastric mucosa of mouse, rat, dog, and human (9,20,22). It was discovered simultaneously by two research teams who named it, respectively, motilin-related peptide (MTLRP) and ghrelin. Tomasetto et al. (21) used molecular biology to look for new proteins of the gastric epithelium that could provide insight to the differentiation and function of the gastric unit. They discovered a protein expressed in secretory granules of the mouse stomach endocrine cells in which chromogranin A, serotinin, and somatostatin also colocalized. The protein has sequence similarity (47%) with prepromotilin, and the secreted peptide was, therefore, tentatively named motilin-related peptide. At the same time, Japanese researchers (9), looking for an endogenous ligand for growth hormone secretagoge receptor, purified and identified from rat stomach a peptide of 28 amino acids they called ghrelin (ghre is the proto-IndoEuropean root of the word grow). Ghrelin is now most often used to identify the peptide.Because it interacts with the growth hormone secretagoge receptor of the pituitary, ghrelin has definite actions on the release of growth hormone (9,18,20,24), but also on appetite stimulation (counterbalancin...

show abstract

“…It increases parasympathetic activity which leads to hyperperistalsis. Neostigmine was first tried by Neely and Catchpole three decades ago in small bowel paralytic ileus [54] . Neostigmine is given intravenously and has a rapid onset [1-20 min] and short duration of action [1-2 hrs] [55] .…”

Section: Medical Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction

Zaidi¹

2012

Current Concepts in Colonic Disorders

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ileus: The restoration of alimentary-tract motility by pharmacological means

Cited by 117 publications

References 67 publications

Effects of Some Drugs on Electrical Activity of the Gut in the Postoperative Period

Effects of Some Drugs on Electrical Activity of the Gut in the Postoperative Period

Ghrelin/motilin-related peptide is a potent prokinetic to reverse gastric postoperative ileus in rat

Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About