A Comparative Study on the Rumen Microbial Population of Cattle and Swamp Buffalo Raised under Traditional Village Conditions in the Northeast of Thailand

Wanapat, Metha; Ngarmsang, A.; Korkhuntot, S.; Nontaso, N.; Wachirapakorn, C.; Beakes, Gordon W.; Rowlinson, Peter

doi:10.5713/ajas.2000.918

Cited by 41 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…The mean rumen pH was similar between both animal species but the buffaloes had a higher liquid outflow rate that could be involved in a lower number of total rumen ciliate protozoa (Dehority, 2003). These data were in agreement with Wanapat et al (2000) who observed lower rumen protozoal populations in swamp buffalo with lower numbers of holotrichs (Isotricha and Dasytricha) and entodiniomorphs compared to those in cattle raised under traditional village conditions in the northeast of Thailand. However, Kumar et al (2002) observed higher concentration of total protozoa in buffalo (9x10 5 /mL) than in cattle rumen (6 x 10 5 /mL) fed an oaten-hay-concentrate.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Effects of dietary energy and nitrogen supplements on rumen fermentation and protozoa population in buffalo and zebu cattle

2010

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-The effects were assessed of two energy sources in concentrate (ground grain corn vs. citrus pulp) and two nitrogen sources (soybean meal vs. urea) on rumen metabolism in four buffaloes and four zebu cattle (Nellore) with rumen cannula and fed in a 4 × 4 Latin square design with feeds containing 60% sugar cane. Energy supplements had no effect on the rumen ammonia concentration in cattle, but ground grain corn promoted higher ammonia level than citrus pulp in buffalo.Urea produced higher ammonia level than soybean meal in both animal species. On average, the buffaloes maintained a lower rumen ammonia concentration (11.7 mg/dL) than the cattle (14.5 mg/dL). Buffaloes had lower production of acetic acid than cattle (58.7 vs. 61.6 mol/100 mol) and higher of propionic acid (27.4 vs. 23.6 mol/100 mol). There was no difference in the butyric acid production between the buffaloes (13.6 mol/100 mol) and cattle (14.8 mol/100 mol) and neither in the total volatile fatty acids concentration (82.5 vs. 83.6 mM, respectively). The energy or nitrogen sources had no effect on rumen protozoa count in either animal species. The zebu cattle had higher rumen protozoa population (8.8 × 10 5 /mL) than the buffaloes (6.1 × 10 5 /mL). The rumen protozoa population differed between the animal species, except for Dasytricha and Charonina. The buffaloes had a lower Entodinium population than the cattle (61.0 vs 84.9%, respectively) and a greater percentage of species belonging to the Diplodiniinae subfamily than the cattle (28.6 vs. 1.4%, respectively). In cattle, ground corn is a better energy source than citrus pulp for use by Entodinium and Diplodiniinae. In the buffaloes, the Entodinium are favored by urea and Diplodiniinae species by soybean meal.Key Words: citrus pulp, rumen metabolism, sugar cane, urea, volatile fatty acids Efeitos de suplementos energéticos e nitrogenados na dieta sobre a fermentação e a população de protozoários no rúmen de búfalos e bovinos zebuínos RESUMO -Foram avaliados os efeitos de duas fontes de energia no concentrado (grãos de milho moídos vs polpa cítrica) e duas fontes nitrogenadas (farelo de soja vs ureia) sobre o metabolismo ruminal em quatro bubalinos e quatro bovinos zebuínos (Nelore). Os animais possuíam cânulas no rúmen e foram alimentados em delineamento quadrado latino 4 × 4, com rações contendo 60% de cana-de-açúcar. Não houve efeitos dos suplementos energéticos na concentração de amônia ruminal em bovinos, no entanto, nos bubalinos, o milho em grão promoveu maior concentração de amônia em comparação à polpa cítrica. Em ambas as espécies animais, a ureia promoveu nível mais elevado de amônia em comparação ao farelo de soja. Em média, os bubalinos mantiveram menor concentração de amônia ruminal (11,7 mg/dL) que os bovinos (14,5 mg/dL). Os búfalos apresentaram menor produção de ácido acético em comparação aos bovinos (58,7 vs 61,6 mol/100 mol) e maior produção de ácido propiônico (27,4 vs 23,6 mol/100 mol). Não houve diferença na produção de ácido butírico entre búfalos (13,6 mol/100 mo...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Effects of dietary energy and nitrogen supplements on rumen fermentation and protozoa population in buffalo and zebu cattle

2010

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“…According to Franzolin & Franzolin (2000), bubaline presented higher concentrations of ruminal fibrolytic and ciliated bacteria of the subfamily Diplodiniinae and Epidinium--classified as large protozoans with cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic activity that were adhered to the solid stages of the digesta. Moreover, according to Wanapat et al (2000) and Franzolin & Franzolin (2000), bubaline presented lower concentration of holotric ciliated protozoan (corresponding to 250 g/kg of the total microbial mass) that ferments soluble carbohydrates and protein and are present in the liquid stage. Considering the in vitro methodology applied, which used only the liquid phase of the rumen with low concentration of microorganism, therefore with low metabolic activity (Czerkawski, 1986), it resulted in an underestimation of IVDDM, specially for buffaloes.…”

Section: Results An Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition, fermentation, in vitro digestibility and in situ degradability of sugar cane silages with Lactobacillus, urea and agricultural byproduct

Maeda

Zeoula²,

Jobim³

et al. 2011

R. Bras. Zootec.

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-The objective of this study was to evaluate the sugarcane silage in relation to chemical composition, pH, total losses, aerobic stability, in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDDM) and effective degradability (ED) of bovine and buffaloes under the following treatments (on a dry matter (DM) basis): sugarcane silage control (control), with addition of 3.3% urea; with addition of Lactobacillus buchneri (inoculate); with inoculate + 3.3% urea; with inoculate + 25.0% soybean hull, and with inoculate + 25.0% cassava byproduct meal. The experiment was analyzed through a completely randomized design with three replications, and for DM ED, a double 4 × 4 Latin square with a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement was used. The sugarcane variety was the RB-855156 (precocious). The urea increased the protein level and reduced neutral and acid detergent fiber and lignin fractions. Treatments with inoculate + cassava byproduct and inoculate + soybean hull increased DM levels. Bovines presented higher IVDDM than buffaloes. pH values varied from 3.1 to 4.0. Mean total losses observed were 7.8%. Treatments with inoculate + cassava and inoculate + soybean hulls resulted in larger aerobic stability with 61 and 81 hours, respectively, in relation to silages control (24 h) and control with 3.3% urea (33 h). A higher DM ED was verified for silages with inoculate + control and inoculate + soybean hulls at 2%/h passage rates and higher neutral detergent fiber ED for the treatment of control + inoculate + soybean hulls at 2 and 5%/h. Silages treated with urea, L. buchneri or agricultural byproduct plus inoculate presented better quality pattern.

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“…Host physiology in terms of age (36), genetics (20), and species (55) has been shown to influence rumen microbial consortia. Furthermore, physiological differences in methane output (22) and improved nutrient digestion (41) have been reported to be associated with variation in feed efficiency, thus supporting a role for improved rumen fermentation in increased feed efficiency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Phenotypic Residual Feed Intake and Dietary Forage Content on the Rumen Microbial Community of Beef Cattle

Carberry

Kenny

Han

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

251

215

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ABSTRACTFeed-efficient animals have lower production costs and reduced environmental impact. Given that rumen microbial fermentation plays a pivotal role in host nutrition, the premise that rumen microbiota may contribute to host feed efficiency is gaining momentum. Since diet is a major factor in determining rumen community structure and fermentation patterns, we investigated the effect of divergence in phenotypic residual feed intake (RFI) on ruminal community structure of beef cattle across two contrasting diets. PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) were performed to profile the rumen bacterial population and to quantify the ruminal populations ofEntodiniumspp., protozoa,Fibrobacter succinogenes,Ruminococcus flavefaciens,Ruminococcus albus,Prevotella brevis, the genusPrevotella, and fungi in 14 low (efficient)- and 14 high (inefficient)-RFI animals offered a low-energy, high-forage diet, followed by a high-energy, low-forage diet. Canonical correspondence and Spearman correlation analyses were used to investigate associations between physiological variables and rumen microbial structure and specific microbial populations, respectively. The effect of RFI on bacterial profiles was influenced by diet, with the association between RFI group and PCR-DGGE profiles stronger for the higher forage diet. qPCR showed thatPrevotellaabundance was higher (P< 0.0001) in inefficient animals. A higher (P< 0.0001) abundance ofEntodiniumandPrevotellaspp. and a lower (P< 0.0001) abundance ofFibrobacter succinogeneswere observed when animals were offered the low-forage diet. Thus, differences in the ruminal microflora may contribute to host feed efficiency, although this effect may also be modulated by the diet offered.

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A Comparative Study on the Rumen Microbial Population of Cattle and Swamp Buffalo Raised under Traditional Village Conditions in the Northeast of Thailand

Cited by 41 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of dietary energy and nitrogen supplements on rumen fermentation and protozoa population in buffalo and zebu cattle

Effects of dietary energy and nitrogen supplements on rumen fermentation and protozoa population in buffalo and zebu cattle

Chemical composition, fermentation, in vitro digestibility and in situ degradability of sugar cane silages with Lactobacillus, urea and agricultural byproduct

Effect of Phenotypic Residual Feed Intake and Dietary Forage Content on the Rumen Microbial Community of Beef Cattle

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