A CMOS Buried Quad p-n Junction Photodetector Model

Courcier, Thierry; Tsiakaka, Olivier; Karami, Armine; Alexandre-Gauthier, Annick; Romain, Olivier; Aimez, Vincent; Charette, Paul G.; Pittet, Patrick; Lu, Guo‐Neng

doi:10.1109/jsen.2015.2501347

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The weakness of the MSM structure is the exposed optical receiving area to air, which may suffer from pollutants and surface effect. Junction devices like the Schottky photodiode (SPD) and pn-or pin-junction photodiodes [63][64][65] can avoid the surface effect and be operated at zero bias like a solar cell. For the SPD, the Schottky contact is usually semi-transparent, partially absorbing the incident light.…”

Section: Effect Of Device Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in semiconductor diamond photodetectors and MEMS sensors

Liao

2021

Functional Diamond

158

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Diamond with an ultra-wide bandgap shows intrinsic performance that is extraordinarily superior to those of the currently available wide-bandgap semiconductors for deep-ultraviolet (DUV) photoelectronics and microelectromechanical systems (MeMs). the wide-bandgap energy of diamond offers the intrinsic advantage for solar-blind detection of DUV light. the recent progress in high-quality single-crystal diamond growth, doping, and devices design have led to the development of solar-blind DUV detectors satisfying the requirement of high Sensitivity, high Signal-to-Noise ratio, high spectral Selectivity, high Speed, and high Stability. On the other hand, the outstanding mechanical hardness, chemical inertness, and intrinsic low mechanical loss of diamond enable the development of MeMs sensors with boosted sensitivity and robustness. the micromachining technologies for diamond developed in these years have opened the avenue for the fabrication of high-quality single-crystal diamond mechanical resonators. in this review, we report on the recent progress in diamond DUV detectors and MeMs sensors, which includes the device principles, design, fabrication, micromachining of diamond, and devices physics. the potential applications of these sensors and a perspective are also described.

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Section: Effect Of Device Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in semiconductor diamond photodetectors and MEMS sensors

Liao

2021

Functional Diamond

158

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“…The shift toward co-oximetry, also named Multi-Wavelength pulse oximetry [1,54], addresses this limitation and improves overall accuracy. However, an interesting additional alternative could be its association with specific multi-layer Si photodetectors, which are well-known to yield a better spectral discrimination and signal-to-noise ratio than usual photodiodes, without real additional manufacturing costs thanks to their fabrication with standard Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technologies [55][56][57].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source–Detector Spectral Pairing-Related Inaccuracies in Pulse Oximetry: Evaluation of the Wavelength Shift

Tsiakaka

Gosselin

2020

Sensors

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Pulse oximetry enables oxygen saturation estimation ( S p O 2) non-invasively in real time with few components and modest processing power. With the advent of affordable development kits dedicated to the monitoring of biosignals, capabilities once reserved to hospitals and high-end research laboratories are becoming accessible for rapid prototyping. While one may think that medical-grade equipment differs greatly in quality, surprisingly, we found that the performance requirements are not widely different from available consumer-grade components, especially regarding the photodetection module in pulse oximetry. This study investigates how the use of candidate light sources and photodetectors for the development of a custom S p O 2 monitoring system can lead to inaccuracies when using the standard computational model for oxygen saturation without calibration. Following the optical characterization of selected light sources, we compare the extracted parameters to the key features in their respective datasheet. We then quantify the wavelength shift caused by spectral pairing of light sources in association with photodetectors. Finally, using the widely used approximation, we report the resulting absolute error in S p O 2 estimation and show that it can lead up to 8% of the critical 90–100% saturation window.

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“…Nonetheless, an array arrangement of several photodetectors could help for the durability and reliability of the implanted device. These sensors could be CMOS buried multi PN junction photodetectors [71,72] in order to enjoy of their multispectral ability and their rejection of certain parasitic signal and noise. Therefore, an ASIC can be designed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward the monitoring of the spinal cord: A feasibility study

Tsiakaka

2019

Microelectronics Journal

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The usual imaging techniques providing only limited information, there is an unmet need for methods, firstly, to monitor in real time the functional status of the Spinal Cord (SC) and, secondly, to assess the functional consequences of the SC Injuries (SCI) and the effect of therapeutic interventions. To meet these needs, our project aims to investigate a new imaging approach, through the realization of a device for measuring the SC activity. This approach will establish locally and specifically the functional state of the SC in real time, which will provide a breakthrough in surgery, as well as in the care and therapeutic trials for SCI. This paper presents the first results of this research project on pig subjects, focusing on the opto-electrical part, based on Near-InfraRed Spectroscopy (NIRS). Firstly, the pig SC optical characterization was performed in different conditions, using a portable spectrophotometer in order to define the wavelengths of interest and their corresponding optical attenuation. In transmission mode, the Optical Density (OD) was evaluated between 3.5 and 6.5 in the [500; 950] nm range. In reflection mode, a figure between 11 % and 33 % is obtained in the same wavelength range. We find that wavelengths between 600 nm and 940 nm are good candidates to monitor the SC functional activity. Secondly, thanks to these results, a specific opto-electrical system has been designed for the transmission mode only, with adapted light sources and custom probes with its front-end to observe the autonomic functions in the SC. 2Results on the measured haemodynamic variations, at rest and under stimulation, show in real time the impact of a global stimulus on a local section of the SC. However, with a low AC-to-DC ratio (around 1 %), the SC PhotoPlethysmoGram (PPG) acquisition isn't simple and the best trade-off between power consumption and Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) must be found in the perspective of the Embedded System (ES) development.This study demonstrates, for the first time, the feasibility of the SC activity monitoring using NIRS in transmission mode in a big animal model, where the perfect alignment of the light emitter and receptor isn't necessary due to the diffusive property of the biological media.It contributes to heading towards the use of the Internet of Things (IoT) for medical applications, through the monitoring of the SC during highly invasive processes, such as the stabilization of the spine, in the form of implants and other surgeries, such as that of the aorta, with the use of specific minimally invasive catheters.

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A CMOS Buried Quad p-n Junction Photodetector Model

Cited by 15 publications

References 45 publications

Progress in semiconductor diamond photodetectors and MEMS sensors

Progress in semiconductor diamond photodetectors and MEMS sensors

Source–Detector Spectral Pairing-Related Inaccuracies in Pulse Oximetry: Evaluation of the Wavelength Shift

Toward the monitoring of the spinal cord: A feasibility study

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