3D geological modeling of the Trujillo block: Insights for crustal escape models of the Venezuelan Andes

Dhont, Damien; Monod, Bernard; Hervouët, Yves; Backé, Guillaume; Klarica, Stéphanie; Choy, José E.

doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2012.04.003

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Geologically, the most important factors that have a significant influence on the seismicity in Venezuela and its surroundings include lithospheric plate subduction and the associated complex geological processes of the oblique collision of the Caribbean arc and a zone of active deformation in the eastern offshore Trinidad area [31]. This is reflected in the formation of the Venezuelan Andes as a N50°E-oriented mountain belt extending from the Colombian border in the SW to the Caribbean Sea in the NE with the associated Boconó and Valera thrust faults [32]. Seismotectonic activities in Venezuela can be characterized by a spatio-temporal composition of the constituent geophysical and geological forces, their evolutional processes, and their complex interactions.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismotectonics of Shallow-Focus Earthquakes in Venezuela with Links to Gravity Anomalies and Geologic Heterogeneity Mapped by a GMT Scripting Language

Lemenkova

Debeir

2022

Sustainability

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This paper presents a cartographic framework based on algorithms of GMT codes for mapping seismically active areas in Venezuela. The data included raster grids from GEBCO, EGM-2008, and vector geological layers from the USGS. The data were iteratively processed in the console of GMT, converted by GDAL, formatted, and mapped for geophysical data visualisation; the QGIS was applied for geological mapping. We analyzed 2000 samples of the earthquake events obtained from the IRIS seismic database with a 25-year time span (1997–2021) in order to map the seismicity. The approach to linking geological, topographic, and geophysical data using GMT scripts aimed to map correlations among the geophysical phenomena, tectonic processes, geological setting, seismicity, and earthquakes. The practical application of the GMT scripts consists in automated mapping for the visualization of geological risks and hazards in the mountainous region of the Venezuelan Andes. The proposed method integrates the approach of GMT scripts with state-of-the-art GIS techniques, which demonstrated its effectiveness as a tool for mapping spatial datasets and rapid data processing in an iterative regime. In this context, using GMT and GIS to find similarities between the regional earthquake distribution and the geological and topographic setting is essential for hazard risk assessment. This study can serve as a basis for predictive seismic analysis in geologically vulnerable regions of Venezuela. In addition to a technical demonstration of GMT algorithms, this study also contributes to geological and geophysical mapping and seismic hazard assessments in South America. We present the full scripts used for mapping in a GitHub repository.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismotectonics of Shallow-Focus Earthquakes in Venezuela with Links to Gravity Anomalies and Geologic Heterogeneity Mapped by a GMT Scripting Language

Lemenkova

Debeir

2022

Sustainability

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“…These blocks are bounded by active faults (Figure a). Between the Maracaibo block and the South American plate lies the NE‐SW Boconó fault system, whose strike‐slip and thrust faults accommodate part of the regional transpressive tectonics [ Colletta et al ., ; Audemard and Audemard , ; Pérez et al ., ; Dhont et al ., ]. The right lateral strike‐slip Boconó fault described by numerous geologists [ Rod , ; Bellizzia et al ., ; Giraldo , ; Soulas , ; Ferrer , ; Beltran , ; Audemard , , ] has been divided into five segments (Boc‐a, Boc‐b, Boc‐c, Boc‐d and Boc‐e) (Figure b) [ Audemard et al ., ].…”

Section: Geodynamic Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleistocene slip rates on the Boconó fault along the North Andean Block plate boundary, Venezuela

et al. 2017

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The Boconó fault is a strike‐slip fault lying between the North Andean Block and the South American plate which has triggered at least five Mw > 7 historical earthquakes in Venezuela. The North Andean Block is currently moving toward NNE with respect to a stable South American plate. This relative displacement at ~12 mm yr−1 in Venezuela (within the Maracaibo Block) was measured by geodesy, but until now the distribution and rates of Quaternary deformation have remained partially unclear. We used two alluvial fans offset by the Boconó fault (Yaracuy Valley) to quantify slip rates, by combining 10Be cosmogenic dating with measurements of tectonic displacements on high‐resolution satellite images (Pleiades). Based upon a fan dated at >79 ka and offset by 1350–1580 m and a second fan dated at 120–273 ka and offset by 1236–1500 m, we obtained two Pleistocene rates of 5.0–11.2 and <20.0 mm yr−1, consistent with the regional geodesy. This indicates that the Boconó fault in the Yaracuy Valley accommodates 40 to 100% of the deformation between the South American plate and the Maracaibo Block. As no aseismic deformation was shown by interferometric synthetic aperture radar analysis, we assume that the fault is locked since the 1812 event. This implies that there is a slip deficit in the Yaracuy Valley since the last earthquake ranging from ~1 to 4 m, corresponding to a Mw 7–7.6 earthquake. This magnitude is comparable to the 1812 earthquake and to other historical events along the Boconó fault.

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“…With the support of these studies, many problems that we encounter in during the actual work can be solved. In the geosciences, modeling studies are used frequently in the detection of subsurface location and the evaluation of natural resources such as ore deposits (Saraç and Tercan, 1996;Chen et al, 2007;Feltrin et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2011;Liu et al, 2012;Wang and Huang, 2012;Xiao et al, 2012;Akıska et al, 2013;Kashani et al, 2016), oil, natural gas and coal (Sims, 1992;Saraç et al, 2004;Kaufmann and Martin, 2008;Jian et al, 2012;Dağ and Özdemir, 2013), hydrology and hydrogeology studies (Turner, 1992;Watt et al, 2007;Ahmed, 2009;Gallerini and Donatis, 2009), determining structural elements (Renard and Courrioux 1994;de Kemp, 2000;Galera et al, 2003;Bistacchi et al, 2008;Calcagno et al, 2008;Zanchi et al, 2009;Dhont et al, 2012), and solving road, tunnel and dam problems (Veldkamp et al, 2001;Elkadi and Huisman, 2002;Rengers et al, 2002;Özmutlu and Hack 2003;Zhu et al, 2003;Hack et al, 2006;Choi et al, 2009). In this study, using the data from the geochemical analyses obtained from the 42 boreholes in Çulfa Çukuru Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag mineralization, the 3D subsurface modeling were made.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AN ORE ADIT PLANNING WITH THE HELP OF 3-DIMENSIONAL ORE BODY MODELING: A CASE STUDY FROM ÇULFA ÇUKURU Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag DEPOSIT

Akıska

2017

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

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ABSTRACTÇulfa Çukuru Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag mineralization has occurred along the metamorphic and metamorphicdacitic volcanic rock contacts of the Sakarya zone on the Biga Peninsula. The base metal mineralizations (Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag±Au) developed along the contact and fracture planes of these rocks can be observed as veins, lenses and disseminated ore geometries in the calc-silicate rock assemblages. Base metal mineralizations are mainly controlled lithologically and are generally associated with recrystallized limestones. In this study, the surface and the subsurface were modeled using the topographical data and the geochemical data (Pb% and Zn%) collected from 42 boreholes of Çulfa Çukuru which is located 20 km South-Southeast of Kalkım (Çanakkale). The surface and the subsurface data were interpolated by Kriging and Inverse Distance Weighted methods, respectively. The intersectional areas of Pb% and Zn% modeling data obtained from this study were determined by dividing the areas above the cut-off grade into 4 different sectors (low, intermediate, high, and very high). Using the distribution of the intersections of these sectors, the possible adit lines were determined and also an interpreted map of the adit was drawn for 450 level. This modeling study helps to plan the ore adit to be opened in a mining area. Moreover, according to the important changings that may occur in conditions (e.g. fl uctuations in metal prices or decrasing-increasing costs), models can also be modifi ed during operations.

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3D geological modeling of the Trujillo block: Insights for crustal escape models of the Venezuelan Andes

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

Seismotectonics of Shallow-Focus Earthquakes in Venezuela with Links to Gravity Anomalies and Geologic Heterogeneity Mapped by a GMT Scripting Language

Seismotectonics of Shallow-Focus Earthquakes in Venezuela with Links to Gravity Anomalies and Geologic Heterogeneity Mapped by a GMT Scripting Language

Pleistocene slip rates on the Boconó fault along the North Andean Block plate boundary, Venezuela

AN ORE ADIT PLANNING WITH THE HELP OF 3-DIMENSIONAL ORE BODY MODELING: A CASE STUDY FROM ÇULFA ÇUKURU Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag DEPOSIT

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