Applications of Nanoparticle-Antibody Conjugates in Immunoassays and Tumor Imaging

Lin, Xinhao; Beringhs, André O’Reilly; Lü, Xiuling

doi:10.1208/s12248-021-00561-5

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…To use NPs as reagents in mass cytometry bioassays, the NPs must be conjugated to Abs or to another type of bioaffinity agent. Although the nanomaterials literature is rich with examples of Ab-NP conjugates, − there are unique requirements for employing these materials as reagents in mass cytometry, including colloidal stability in phosphate-containing buffers, and minimal NSB to cells.…”

Section: Nanoparticle (Np) Mass Tag Reagentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reagents for Mass Cytometry

et al. 2023

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Mass cytometry (cytometry by time-of-flight detection [CyTOF]) is a bioanalytical technique that enables the identification and quantification of diverse features of cellular systems with single-cell resolution. In suspension mass cytometry, cells are stained with stable heavy-atom isotope-tagged reagents, and then the cells are nebulized into an inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ICP-TOF-MS) instrument. In imaging mass cytometry, a pulsed laser is used to ablate ca. 1 μm2 spots of a tissue section. The plume is then transferred to the CyTOF, generating an image of biomarker expression. Similar measurements are possible with multiplexed ion bean imaging (MIBI). The unit mass resolution of the ICP-TOF-MS detector allows for multiparametric analysis of (in principle) up to 130 different parameters. Currently available reagents, however, allow simultaneous measurement of up to 50 biomarkers. As new reagents are developed, the scope of information that can be obtained by mass cytometry continues to increase, particularly due to the development of new small molecule reagents which enable monitoring of active biochemistry at the cellular level. This review summarizes the history and current state of mass cytometry reagent development and elaborates on areas where there is a need for new reagents. Additionally, this review provides guidelines on how new reagents should be tested and how the data should be presented to make them most meaningful to the mass cytometry user community.

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Section: Nanoparticle (Np) Mass Tag Reagentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reagents for Mass Cytometry

et al. 2023

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“…Such unwanted effects can be minimized e.g. by either Fc-directed antibody conjugation ( 181 ) and by antibody fragments devoid of the Fc part ( 182 ). Furthermore, NP may adsorb serum factors in vivo which in turn may alter their biodistribution and cellular interaction as shown by us and others ( 183 , 184 ).…”

Section: Conclusion and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Nanodrugs Targeting T Cells in Tumor Therapy

2022

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In contrast to conventional anti-tumor agents, nano-carriers allow co-delivery of distinct drugs in a cell type-specific manner. So far, many nanodrug-based immunotherapeutic approaches aim to target and kill tumor cells directly or to address antigen presenting cells (APC) like dendritic cells (DC) in order to elicit tumor antigen-specific T cell responses. Regulatory T cells (Treg) constitute a major obstacle in tumor therapy by inducing a pro-tolerogenic state in APC and inhibiting T cell activation and T effector cell activity. This review aims to summarize nanodrug-based strategies that aim to address and reprogram Treg to overcome their immunomodulatory activity and to revert the exhaustive state of T effector cells. Further, we will also discuss nano-carrier-based approaches to introduce tumor antigen-specific chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) into T cells for CAR-T cell therapy which constitutes a complementary approach to DC-focused vaccination.

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“…Nanotechnology has enormous potential as a remedial approach for targeted cell imaging with the help of highly functional fluorescent nanomaterials bearing exceptional emission properties and high surface functionalities to assist selectivity toward cells of interest. − Antibody-fluorescent nanoparticle conjugates are promising systems providing high imaging possibilities with increased dependability, sensitivity, and specificity …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal-Enhanced Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots via One-Pot Solid State Synthesis for Cell Imaging

Can

Onat

Cirit

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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In this study, a facile one-pot solid-state synthesis method is developed to shed light on the metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) effect in carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) hybrid materials. This is one of the few studies on the solid-state synthesis of N-doped CQDs/gold hybrid nanomaterials. We have conducted various sets of experiments to reveal the role of individual reagents during the nucleation and growth of nanoparticles. We have demonstrated that the addition of a small amount of gold salt illustrates a paramount effect (10 3 -fold) in photoluminescence intensity. This effect is ascribed to MEF, which is caused due to interactions between the excited-state fluorophores and the free surface electrons of metal nanoparticles. It is interesting to note that a further increase of gold yields fluorescence quenching due to a large number of formed AuNPs causing fluorescence resonance energy transfer. By adjusting the volume ratio of gold salt and CD precursors, it is possible to obtain the CQDs−AuNPs hybrid with the highest fluorescence, which produces extensive visible light under 460 nm excitation. Synthesized materials have been successfully used for imaging human dermal fibroblasts and A549 lung epithelial cells. The dose-dependent cytotoxicity studies reveal that the hybrid structures do not have cytotoxicity.

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Applications of Nanoparticle-Antibody Conjugates in Immunoassays and Tumor Imaging

Cited by 30 publications

References 114 publications

Reagents for Mass Cytometry

Reagents for Mass Cytometry

Nanodrugs Targeting T Cells in Tumor Therapy

Metal-Enhanced Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots via One-Pot Solid State Synthesis for Cell Imaging

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