Nanodrugs Targeting T Cells in Tumor Therapy

Haist, Maximilian; Mailänder, Volker; Bros, Matthias

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.912594

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 185 publications

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“…For these reasons, a majority of Food and Drug Administration (FDA)approved nanomedicines are lipid-based nanocarriers [99,101]. For instance, Doxil (a pegylated liposomal NP of doxorubicin) was the first NP approved by the FDA for ovarian cancer, acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related Kaposi's sarcoma, and multiple myeloma [102]. This nano-formulation acts against tumor cells and induces an antitumor immune response by eliminating myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and enhancing the efficacy of adoptive T cell transfer in BC [103].…”

Section: Organic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer Nano-Immunotherapy: The Novel and Promising Weapon to Fight Cancer

García-Domínguez,

López-Enríquez,

Alba

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Cancer is a complex disease that, despite advances in treatment and the greater understanding of the tumor biology until today, continues to be a prevalent and lethal disease. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery are the conventional treatments, which have increased the survival for cancer patients. However, the complexity of this disease together with the persistent problems due to tumor progression and recurrence, drug resistance, or side effects of therapy make it necessary to explore new strategies that address the challenges to obtain a positive response. One important point is that tumor cells can interact with the microenvironment, promoting proliferation, dissemination, and immune evasion. Therefore, immunotherapy has emerged as a novel therapy based on the modulation of the immune system for combating cancer, as reflected in the promising results both in preclinical studies and clinical trials obtained. In order to enhance the immune response, the combination of immunotherapy with nanoparticles has been conducted, improving the access of immune cells to the tumor, antigen presentation, as well as the induction of persistent immune responses. Therefore, nanomedicine holds an enormous potential to enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Here, we review the most recent advances in specific molecular and cellular immunotherapy and in nano-immunotherapy against cancer in the light of the latest published preclinical studies and clinical trials.

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Section: Organic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer Nano-Immunotherapy: The Novel and Promising Weapon to Fight Cancer

García-Domínguez,

López-Enríquez,

Alba

et al. 2024

IJMS

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“…Others approaches such as vaccines, nanodrugs [59], the generation of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-)T cells, [60] or directly targeting FOXP3 in Tregs with an antisense oligonucleotide are also under investigation with the aim of reprogramming Tregs [61].…”

Section: Tregsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory cells and the effect of cancer immunotherapy

Iglesias-Escudero

Arias-González²,

Martı́nez-Cáceres

2023

Mol Cancer

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Several mechanisms and cell types are involved in the regulation of the immune response. These include mostly regulatory T cells (Tregs), regulatory macrophages (Mregs), myeloid suppressor cells (MDSCs) and other regulatory cell types such as tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs), regulatory B cells (Bregs), and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). These regulatory cells, known for their ability to suppress immune responses, can also suppress the anti-tumor immune response. The infiltration of many regulatory cells into tumor tissues is therefore associated with a poor prognosis. There is growing evidence that elimination of Tregs enhances anti-tumor immune responses. However, the systemic depletion of Treg cells can simultaneously cause deleterious autoimmunity. Furthermore, since regulatory cells are characterized by their high level of expression of immune checkpoints, it is also expected that immune checkpoint inhibitors perform part of their function by blocking these molecules and enhancing the immune response. This indicates that immunotherapy does not only act by activating specific effector T cells but can also directly or indirectly attenuate the suppressive activity of regulatory cells in tumor tissues. This review aims to draw together our current knowledge about the effect of immunotherapy on the various types of regulatory cells, and how these effects may be beneficial in the response to immunotherapy.

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“…Cell therapy is one of the most promising new areas of medicine, and mRNA technologies may be key to realizing its potential [ 76 ]. In many ex vivo cell therapies, target proteins can be modified by mRNA treatments in vitro, and then the mRNA-modified cells may be injected into the patient to cure disease.…”

Section: Applications Of Mrna Vaccines and Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mRNA-based vaccines and therapeutics: an in-depth survey of current and upcoming clinical applications

Wang,

Kumari,

Chen

et al. 2023

J Biomed Sci

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AbstractmRNA-based drugs have tremendous potential as clinical treatments, however, a major challenge in realizing this drug class will promise to develop methods for safely delivering the bioactive agents with high efficiency and without activating the immune system. With regard to mRNA vaccines, researchers have modified the mRNA structure to enhance its stability and promote systemic tolerance of antigenic presentation in non-inflammatory contexts. Still, delivery of naked modified mRNAs is inefficient and results in low levels of antigen protein production. As such, lipid nanoparticles have been utilized to improve delivery and protect the mRNA cargo from extracellular degradation. This advance was a major milestone in the development of mRNA vaccines and dispelled skepticism about the potential of this technology to yield clinically approved medicines. Following the resounding success of mRNA vaccines for COVID-19, many other mRNA-based drugs have been proposed for the treatment of a variety of diseases. This review begins with a discussion of mRNA modifications and delivery vehicles, as well as the factors that influence administration routes. Then, we summarize the potential applications of mRNA-based drugs and discuss further key points pertaining to preclinical and clinical development of mRNA drugs targeting a wide range of diseases. Finally, we discuss the latest market trends and future applications of mRNA-based drugs.

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Nanodrugs Targeting T Cells in Tumor Therapy

Cited by 17 publications

References 185 publications

Cancer Nano-Immunotherapy: The Novel and Promising Weapon to Fight Cancer

Cancer Nano-Immunotherapy: The Novel and Promising Weapon to Fight Cancer

Regulatory cells and the effect of cancer immunotherapy

mRNA-based vaccines and therapeutics: an in-depth survey of current and upcoming clinical applications

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